生物柴油的低温流动特性及其改善  

Flow properties of biodiesel at low temperature and its improvement

作　　者：陈秀[1] 袁银男[1] 来永斌[2] 

机构地区：[1]江苏大学汽车与交通工程学院,镇江212013 [2]江苏大学能源与动力工程学院,镇江212013

出　　处：《农业工程学报》2010年第3期277-280,共4页Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(50376021)

摘　　要：使用气-质联用仪和低温性能测试仪,运用溶液结晶原理和电子效应理论研究生物柴油的低温流动性。依据生物柴油的结晶机理,提出并验证了与石油柴油调合、添加低温流动性改进剂和结晶分馏3种措施改善生物柴油的低温流动性。研究表明:棕榈油生物柴油和-10号柴油的冷滤点分别为8和-7℃。与-10号柴油调合,调合油的冷滤点最低降到-12℃;棕榈油生物柴油调合体积分数为5%～20%时能形成最低共熔物,冷滤点为-12℃。添加低温流动性改进剂,棕榈油生物柴油的冷滤点最低降到2℃。结晶分馏,棕榈油生物柴油的冷滤点降到0℃,得率为68.2%。该研究为寒冷地区使用生物柴油提供技术支持。Flow properties of biodiesel at low temperature were studied by means of gas chromatography-mass（GC-MS） ,cold filer plugging point tester,the solution crystallization theory and the electronic effect theory. According to bilayer crystallization mechanism of biodiesel,three approaches for reducing cold filer plugging point（CFPP） of biodiesel were put forward：（i） blending with petrodiesel;（ii） treating with cold flow improver additives;and（iii） crystallization fractionation. The study shows that CFPPs of palm methyl ester（PME） and-10 petrodiesel（-10PD） are 8℃ and-7℃,respectively. PME blending with-10PD decreases the CFPP of-10PD /PME to-12℃. A eutectic mixture is formed by-10PD and PME,with its CFPP-12℃,and the range of PME blending ratio is 5vol %-20 vol%. Adding 1.0 vol% Flow Fit,1.5 vol% Flow Fit K and 1.5 vol% T818 additive decreases the CFPP of PME to 3℃,2℃ and 3℃,respectively. Crystallization fractionation decreases the CFPP of PME to 0℃,and its yield is 68.2 vol%. The study provides technical support for using biodiesel in cold region.

关 键 词：生物柴油 结晶 液流 低温流动性 气相色谱-质谱 

分 类 号：TK6[动力工程及工程热物理—生物能]