储层裂缝识别和预测方法  

IDENTIFICATION AND PREDICTION OF RESERVOIR FRACTURES

作　　者：董平川[1] 徐衍彬[2] 李飞[3] 陶珍[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国石油大学石油工程教育部重点实验室,北京102249 [2]大庆油田有限责任公司勘探开发研究院,黑龙江大庆163712 [3]塔里木油田公司开发事业部,新疆库尔勒841000

出　　处：《大庆石油地质与开发》2010年第2期5-12,共8页Petroleum Geology & Oilfield Development in Daqing

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目（50574059和50004002）资助.

摘　　要：针对裂缝性储层并没有一套完整的表征技术方法，但在储层裂缝识别和预测方面取得了很大进步，特别是地球物理方法的发展，包括先进的测井系列应用、地震资料的应用、裂缝数学方法的介入及计算机三维建模技术的应用等。储层裂缝研究方法通常包括露头、岩心、地球物理、数值模拟、裂缝储层地质建模和钻井（油藏）动态分析方法等。裂缝性储层研究的关键，就是在井筒附近储层裂缝描述的基础上，利用各种技术方法确定储层成因机制和分布规律，并预测未知区裂缝的分布及其定量化描述。其研究方法可归纳为3个方面：裂缝描述，裂缝探测，裂缝预测。裂缝预测分为定性预测和定量预测，定性预测主要是通过裂缝形成的控制和影响因素分析和认识裂缝的分布规律来预测裂缝的发育程度，定量预测是在确定裂缝的成因机制和分布规律的基础上，根据岩石的破裂理论，用量化的参数来预测裂缝的发育程度。At present, there is not an integrated characterization technique for fractured reservoir, but great progress is achieved in identification and prediction of reservoir fractures, especially the progress of geophysical techniques, including applications of advanced logging methods and seismic data, fracture mathematics method and 3D modeling in computer. Fracture research methods include outcrop, core, geophysics, numerical simulation, geologic modeling of fractured reservoir, and dynamical analysis of drilling （reservoir）. The critical research on fractured reservoir is on the basis of description of reservoir fractures near the wellbore, utilizing several techniques to confirm genetic mechanism and distribution rules of reservoir, to predict fracture distribution and quantitative description of unknown area. The research methods include three aspects： fracture description, fracture detection and fracture prediction. Fracture prediction is divided into qualitative and quantitative prediction. Through controlling and affecting factors by fracture generation, qualitative prediction mainly analyzes and recognizes the distributionrules of fractures to predict fracture development degree. According to rock breaking theory, on the basis of determination of genetic mechanism and distribution rules of fractures, quantitative prediction predicts fracture development degree with quantization parameters.

关 键 词：储层裂缝 裂缝识别 裂缝预测 岩心观测 测井 地震 有限元数值模拟 主曲率法 

分 类 号：TE122.2[石油与天然气工程—油气勘探]