不同大豆制品对鲤生长和蛋白质代谢的影响  

Effects of various processed soybeans meal on growth and protein metabolism of Cyprinus carpio juveniles

作　　者：王桂芹[1] 李子平[1] 闫先春 郭贵良[2] 孙丽[2] 牛小天[1] 卢洪梅[1] 朱兴华[3] 李清华[3] 

机构地区：[1]吉林农业大学动物科技学院,吉林长春130118 [2]吉林省长春市水产研究院,吉林长春130214 [3]吉林省新立城水库管理局,吉林长春130453

出　　处：《水产学报》2010年第2期300-306,共7页Journal of Fisheries of China

基　　金：吉林省科技攻关项目(200500046)

摘　　要：选择健康的鲤鱼种[体重为(5.89±0.36)g]为试验鱼,以生大豆粉和不同处理的大豆制品分别替代鱼粉,大豆蛋白分别替代50%的鱼粉蛋白,配制5个等蛋白(可消化蛋白30%)、等能(可消化能15MJ/kg)的半精制饲料,探讨大豆抗营养因子的不同和叠加对鲤生长和蛋白质代谢的影响。结果表明,热处理大豆组平均增重率与对照组差异不显著(P>0.05),生大豆组的平均增重率显著低于对照组(P<0.05)。化学钝化组、热处理大豆组和酒精浸提组之间没有显著差异(P>0.05),但都显著高于生大豆组(P<0.05)。对照组的鲤肠道和肝胰脏蛋白酶的活力显著高于生大豆组和酒精浸提组(P<0.05),但与化学钝化组和热处理大豆组差异不显著(P>0.05)。鱼粉组白肌RNA的含量与热处理大豆组没有显著差异(P>0.05),但二者都显著高于生大豆组、化学钝化组和酒精浸提组(P<0.05)。鱼粉组白肌RNA/DNA与热处理大豆组和化学钝化组没有显著差异(P>0.05),但三者都显著高于生大豆组和酒精浸提组(P<0.05)。白肌RNA和血清IGF-I水平与生长正相关(P<0.05)。在本试验条件下,表明热处理大豆组要好于其他各处理组,大豆抗营养因子对鱼类负面影响程度的顺序是抗胰蛋白酶抑制因子>凝集素>大豆抗原蛋白,适当的处理可降低抗营养因子的负面影响。The effect of replacing fish meal with raw and various processed soybeans meal on growth and protein metabolism of common carp Cyprinus carpio was evaluated in an 8-week trial. The common carp fingerlingsE initial body weight（5.89 ± 0.36） g l were fed five isonitrogenous and isocaloric feeds（30% digestible protein and 15 MJ/kg digestible energy） containing SBM replacing 50% of the fish meal protein, such as raw soybean （RSB）, processed soybean by chemical inactivator, processed soybean by heating, processed soybean by heat alcohol, respectively. Results showed that weight gain of control were significantly different（ P 〉 0.05 ）, but those fed RSB were significantly lower than control （ P 〈 0.05 ）, those fed processed soybeans by chemical inactivator and by heating and by heat alcohol had no significant difference, but all significantly higher than control. Protease specific activity of control in the intestine and hepatopancreas was significantly higher than those fed RSB and processed soybeans by heat alcohol,but both had no significant difference with those fed processed soybeans by chemical inactivator and by heating（ P 〉 0.05 ）. RNA of 100% fish meal and 50% processed soybean by heating in white muscle were no significant difference （ P 〉 0.05 ）, but both were significantly higher than those fed RSB and processed soybeans by heat alcohol and by chemical inactivator and by heating, RNA/DNA of 100% fish meal and 50% processed soybean by heating and by chemical inactivator in white muscle had no significant difference （ P 〉 0.05 ）, but all were higher than those fed raw soybean （ RSB ） and processed soybean by heat alcohol （ P 〈 0.05 ）. RNA in white muscle and serum IGF-I had a positive correlation with growth（ P 〈0.05 ）. The degree of negative effect of soybean anti-nutritional factors on fish is anti-trypsin inhibitor 〉 agglutinin 〉 soybean antigen protein under the experimental conditions, and proper control could reduce the negative impact of soy

关 键 词：鲤 抗胰蛋白酶抑制因子 大豆凝集素 大豆抗原蛋白 

分 类 号：S963.312[农业科学—水产养殖]