饲料中补充晶体或微囊赖氨酸对草鱼生长和血浆总游离氨基酸的影响  

Effect of dietary crystalline or microcapsuled lysine supplementation on growth and plasma total free amino acids of grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idellus)

作　　者：罗运仙[1] 谢骏[2] 吕利群[1] 冷向军[1] 李小勤[1] 吴小凤[1] 李忠铭[1] 

机构地区：[1]上海海洋大学省部共建水产种质资源发掘与利用教育部重点实验室,上海201306 [2]中国水产科学研究院珠江水产研究所,广东广州510380

出　　处：《水产学报》2010年第3期466-473,共8页Journal of Fisheries of China

基　　金：上海市重点学科建设项目(Y1101);现代农业产业技术体系建设专项基金(nycytx-49);上海市科委重点定向项目(08390510200);广东省佛山市海纳川药业有限公司提供部分研究经费

摘　　要：为考察饲料中补充晶体或微囊赖氨酸对草鱼生长性能的影响,配制了豆粕含量为23%(高豆粕组),15%(低豆粕组)的两种实用饲料,在低豆粕饲料中补充晶体赖氨酸或微囊赖氨酸,使赖氨酸达到与高豆粕组一致的水平,共4个处理组,即高豆粕组、低豆粕组、低豆粕+晶体赖氨酸(晶体赖氨酸组)、低豆粕+微囊赖氨酸(微囊赖氨酸组),每处理设3个平行。饲养平均体重为(49.0±2.0)g的草鱼8周。结果表明,各组鱼体增重率分别为279.3%、239.7%、245.6%、277.5%,饲料系数为1.62、1.88、1.85、1.62。与低豆粕组相比,添加晶体赖氨酸对草鱼生长无改善(P>0.05),而添加微囊赖氨酸则提高草鱼增重率15.8%(P<0.05),降低饲料系数0.24(P<0.05),在增重率与饲料系数方面达到与高豆粕组基本一致的水平(P>0.05)。对草鱼摄食上述4种饲料0、1、2、3、4、5h后的血浆总游离氨基酸浓度测定结果表明,添加微囊赖氨酸血浆总游离氨基酸的变化趋势与高豆粕组、低豆粕组一致,即在饲后3h达到高峰,而添加晶体赖氨酸使血浆总游离氨基酸的吸收峰值提前。晶体赖氨酸经微囊化后,其水中溶失率显著降低(P<0.05),仅相当于晶体赖氨酸的28.37%。上述结果提示,在降低豆粕的饲料中添加晶体赖氨酸对草鱼的生长无改善作用,而添加微囊赖氨酸则显著提高增重率,降低饲料系数。At present, more plant protein feedstuffs are used in aquatic feeds for the shortage and the increasing price of fish meal. The deficiencies of some essential amino acids （EAA） in plant protein feedstuffs lead to the addition of some EAA to balance diet composition. However, the effect of supplementing crystalline EAA was not positive for some fishes. As a result, the present experiment was conducted to investigate the effect of crystalline or microcapsuled lysine supplementation into practical diets on growth performance, and the total plasma free amino acids content of grass carp Ctenopharyngodon idellus. Four diets were prepared, which were high soybean meal （SM） diet with 23 % SM, low SM diet with 15% SM, low SM diet added with crystalline or microcapsuled lysine, which had the same lysine content as high SM diet respectively. Grass carp （49.0 _＋ 2.0） g were fed the four diets with triplicate for 8 weeks. Growth rates （GR） of the four groups were 279. 3%, 239. 7%, 245. 6%, 277. 5%, feed coefficient（FC） were 1. 62, 1. 88, 1. 85, 1. 64, respectively. Compared with low SM group, adding crystalline lysine in diet had no significant effects on growth performance, but the growth rate was improved by 15.8 % and FC decreased by 0.24 （ P 〈 0.05 ） by adding microcapsuled lysine in diet. Fish fed on low SM added with microcapsuled lysine had the same GR and FC as those of high SM group （P 〉 0.05 ）. Plasma total free amino acids（TFAA） concentration at 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 h after feeding were determined, and the highest concentration of TFAA occurred at 3 h after feeding for high SM diet, low SM diet added without or with microcapsuled lysine, but absorbing peak occurred at 2 h after feeding for low SM diet added with crystalline lysine, which means the absorbing peak was advanced. Leaching loss of crystalline and microcapsuled lysine were 69.82% and 19.81%, which indicated leaching loss of crystalline lysine was significantly decreased by microcapsuling. Results above showed that grass

关 键 词：草鱼 晶体赖氨酸 微囊赖氨酸 生长 血浆总游离氨基酸 

分 类 号：S963.731[农业科学—水产养殖]