抗老年痴呆症药物研究进展  

作　　者：沈映冰[1] 陈君远[2] 朱彩燕[1] 

机构地区：[1]中山大学附属第六医院药剂科,广州510655 [2]中山大学附属第一医院药学部,广州510080

出　　处：《国际医药卫生导报》2010年第8期1015-1020,共6页International Medicine and Health Guidance News

摘　　要：目前研究认为，痴呆与大脑皮质和皮质下神经细胞的退化有关，准确的病因学尚无结论。已开发与开发中药物主要是胆碱酯酶抑制剂（CHEI）、M1受体激动药、防止β-淀粉蛋白（BAd）沉积药、抑制γ-分泌酶药、自由基清除药、钙拮抗剂、激素类药物等，中药研究亦取得明显进展。一些天然药物活性成分如石杉碱甲、银杏叶提取物、蛇床子素、丹酚酸等具有扩张脑血管、增加脑血流量、清除自由基、免疫调节等作用，并可通过抑制脑内胆碱酯酶活性，提高脑内兴奋性递质-乙酰胆碱含量，改善老年痴呆症患者的症状。随着自由基理论与小脑血管密切相关的深入研究，细胞因子基因工程的进一步发展及类胆碱能新药的涌现，将使AD的研究药物进一步拓宽。Recently study suggested that dementia related to cerebral cortex and subcritical degeneration of nerve cells. But precise etiology has been inconclusive. Lots of new drugs have been developed and developing, such as cholinesterase inhibitors （CHEI）, Mlagonists, prevent β -amyloid protein （ β A4） deposition of drugs, inhibit γ -secretion of enzyme drugs, free radical scavenging drugs, calcium antagonists, hormones drugs, traditional Chinese medicine research has also made clear progress. Some natural medicine active ingredients, such as Huperzine A, Ginkgo biloba extract, Osthol, Sal and so has the expansion of cerebral blood vessels and increase cerebral blood flow, scavenging free radicals, immune regulation, and through inhibition of brain liner alkaline esterase activity, increased excitatory. neurotransminer-acetylcholine content, improve the symptoms of Alzheimer＇s disease patients. As the free radical theory and the cerebellum are closely related to in-depth study of vascular cell factor in the further and development of genetic engineering and the emergence of classes of cholinergic drugs, the study of AD drugs will further expand.

关 键 词：胆碱酯酶抑制剂 M1受体激动药 防止β-淀粉蛋白(β A4)沉积药 Γ-分泌酶抑制剂 自由基清除 钙拮抗剂 激素药物 

分 类 号：R9[医药卫生—药学]