金沙江干热河谷坡面降雨产流特征的分析  

Analysis of Characteristics of Precipitation and Runoff Production on Slop Land in Dry-hot Valley of Jinshajiang River

作　　者：刘芝芹[1] 王克勤[1] 李艳梅[1] 涂璟[1] 

机构地区：[1]西南林学院,昆明650224

出　　处：《石河子大学学报（自然科学版）》2010年第2期227-231,共5页Journal of Shihezi University(Natural Science)

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(30170779);云南省自然科学基金重点项目(2001D00082Z)

摘　　要：为干旱区植被恢复技术研究及坡面治理提供依据,运用坡面径流泥沙小区定位观测方法,对元谋县典型干热河谷地段坡面小区降雨产流特征进行了研究,根据降雨的三个重要特征降雨量、持续时间和时段最大雨强,通过SPSSK均值聚类分析法对降雨进行了分类。结果表明,研究区年内降水量分配不均,试验期间雨季6月、9月降水过分集中,易形成持续大雨,导致产生大的地表径流并冲刷地表,造成水土流失。研究区存在降雨强度大、持续时间短的A型雨、降雨强度小持续时间长的C型雨以及居于二者之间的B型雨;降雨量和降雨强度,尤其最大30min雨强是影响坡面产流能力的关键因素;不同雨型下坡面产流能力大小为A型雨>B型雨>C型雨,而产流尺度效应则为C型雨>B型雨>A型雨。In the dry-hot valley of the Jinshajiang River,the characteristics of precipitation and runoff production on slop lands can provide foundation data for vegetation instauration research and slop management. Characteristics of precipitation and runoff production on slop land were studied with the method of runoff plots observation in the dry-hot valley of the Jinshajiang River. It showed that the distribution of rainfall is uneven, the rain keeps heavy and results in soil erosion. According to rainfall depth, rainfall duration, and rainfall intensity, the rainfalls in the studied area were classified into three regimes through K-means clustering in SPSS 10. 0 software, i. e. rainfall regime A with high rainfall intensity, short duration and high occurring frequency,rainfall regime C with low rainfall intensity, long duration and low occurring frequency, and B the medium. The order of runoff coefficients induced by rainfall was regime A〉rcgime B〉regime C. However, the order of scale effect on runoff induced by rainfall was regime C〉regime B〉regime A.

关 键 词：干热河谷 降雨类型 坡面 径流系数 尺度效应 

分 类 号：P332.1[天文地球—水文科学]