湿地生态灾害系统及灾害应急能力建设——以东洞庭湖国家自然保护区为例  

Ecological disaster system in wetland and construction of relative emergency response capability:a case study of East Dongting Lake National Nature Reserve

作　　者：许振宇[1] 王克林[2] 汤恒[1] 贺建林[3] 

机构地区：[1]南昌大学共青学院,江西共青城332020 [2]中国科学院洞庭湖湿地国际研究中心,湖南长沙410125 [3]湘潭大学商学院,湖南湘潭411105

出　　处：《自然灾害学报》2010年第2期140-146,共7页Journal of Natural Disasters

基　　金：世界自然基金会(WWF)资助项目;中国科学院创新工程重要方向项目(KZCX2-SW-415);湘潭大学跨学科星火研究项目(0709024)

摘　　要：健康的湿地生态系统,是国家生态安全体系的重要组成部分和社会经济可持续发展的重要基础。导致湿地生态系统退化的主要原因是一系列生态灾害。根据多年调查,将东洞庭湖国家自然保护区湿地生态灾害系统按照其起源分为自然灾害、环境污染和生态破坏三大类;同时根据AHP法确定了能较综合反映研究区灾害应急能力的6个一级评价指标和28个二级指标,构建了湿地生态灾害应急能力评价模型。研究表明,如何应对生物病害和生物入侵,如何完善湿地生态系统的结构、改善湿地生态系统的功能和提高部门应灾快速反应能力,已成为研究区应灾能力建设的首要任务。Healthy wetland ecosystem is an important constituent of national ecological security system and is an important foundation of society and economy sustainable development. The main reason which causes the wetland ecosystem degeneration is a series of ecological disasters. Through investigation for many years,and according to its origin, the authors divided the wetland ecological disasters system in East Dongting Lake National Natural Reserve into three kinds, i.e. natural disasters, environmental pollution and ecological destruction. Meanwhile, based on the analytic hierarchy process （AHP）, the authors determined more comprehensive indexes reflecting disaster emergency response capability in the research area, which include 6 first level of appraisal indexes and 28 second level of appraisal indexes, and constructed the emergency response capacity evaluation model for wetland ecological disasters. The resutts show that how to deal with biological diseases and invasion, how to consummates structure and improve function of wetland ecosystem and how to strengthen the rapid disaster emergency capability of relevant departments disasters are most important task to construct emergency response capability in the research area.

关 键 词：湿地生态系统 生态灾害系统 应急能力建设 国家自然保护区 洞庭湖 

分 类 号：X171.1[环境科学与工程—环境科学] F062.2[经济管理—政治经济学]