资本替代劳动与产业特征的关联机理及测度分析  

An Analysis of the Mechanism of the Relationship between Capital Replacement of Labor and Industry Characteristics and Its Measurement

作　　者：吕小柏[1] 李红松[1] 

机构地区：[1]武汉科技大学管理学院,湖北武汉430081

出　　处：《经济经纬》2010年第2期25-28,共4页Economic Survey

基　　金：湖北省社会科学基金<资本替代劳动的产业特征与就业目标的共生路径研究>(2009Y012)

摘　　要：由于生产技术及产业间资本有机构成不同,不同产业存在不同的资本替代劳动的可能程度,这种程度可以用替代弹性衡量,各产业替代弹性的大小分布即为资本替代劳动的产业特征。在总产出不变的情况下,由于人均资本增加,替代弹性大于1时,将导致劳动的总收入减少,进而就业减少,替代弹性小于1时,则就业增加。利用CES生产函数对我国资本—劳动替代弹性的初步测算表明,我国整体资本替代劳动的可能程度处于中性,但第二产业则存在严重程度的资本替代劳动趋势。Because of the different production technologies and different organic composition of capital in different industries, there are different extents of capital replacing labor in different industries, which can be measured with substitution elasticity, and the size and distribution of the substitution elasticity in each industry are the industry characteristics of capital substitution for labor. In the condition that the total output is unchanged, because of the increase in the capital per capita, when the substitution elasticity is larger than 1, the total income of laborers will decrease and thus employment will decrease ; when the substitution elasticity of is less than 1, the employment will increase. The preliminary calculations of the substitution elasticity of capital - labor in our country with CES production function indicate that China＇s overall level of capital substitution for labor is neutral, but there exists an obvious trend of capital substitution for labor in the secondary industry.

关 键 词：资本 劳动 资本替代劳动 就业 

分 类 号：F062.9[经济管理—政治经济学]