蜜蜂辅助授粉对新疆扁桃坐果率的影响  

Effect of Honeybees Assistant Pollination on Fruit Setting Percentage of Xinjiang Almond

作　　者：龚鹏[1] 杨波[1] 徐叶挺[1] 卢春生[1] 张平[1] 李金明 吕红玲 

机构地区：[1]新疆农业科学院园艺作物研究所,乌鲁木齐830091 [2]新疆莎车县林业局,新疆莎车844000

出　　处：《新疆农业科学》2010年第4期689-691,共3页Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：国家科技支撑计划课题(2007~2010)(2007BAD36B10);新疆农业科学院院长基金项目(2006~2008)(2006Y05)

摘　　要：【目的】利用蜜蜂辅助授粉提高新疆扁桃的坐果率。【方法】以不放蜜蜂扁桃园为对照(CK),通过对扁桃园花期蜜蜂的放蜂量、放蜂时间和蜜蜂的传粉距离的比较研究。【结果】①放蜂量越大,扁桃的坐果率越高,花蕾露红期放蜂量为1箱/1 334 m2(2亩)时效果最宜,扁桃坐果率比对照提高了7.47倍,差异显著;②蜜蜂是沿花行进行采蜜的,距蜂箱越远扁桃坐果率越低,蜜蜂的传粉距离在100 m左右。【结论】新疆扁桃园放蜂可显著提高扁桃的坐果率,在扁桃花蕾露红期放蜂,放蜂量不少于1箱/1 334 m2(2亩),且每隔100 m摆放蜂箱。[ Objective] In order to raise fruit setting percentage of Xinjiang Almond. [ Method] The comparative study was conducted on scalar and deliver time of honeybee and dislance of pollination using the almond garden without honeybee as CK. [ Result] the result showed that （ 1 ） the more honeybee scalar there are in the ahnond garden , the higher the fruit setting percentage is. The delivering amount of honeybee in one box every two mu is the most suitable at initial budding stage. The fruit setting percentage of almond is 7.47 times higher than that of CK; （2}Honeybee gather nectar from flowers along the flower rows. The longer the distance between boxes there is , the lower the fruit setting percentage is. Usually, honeybee gather pollination from flowers within distance of 100 m. [ Conclusion]The delivering honeybee in almond garden could raise fruit setting percentage in Xinjiang. The suitable method is as follows：Honeybee are delivered at initial budding stage. There is one honeybee box every two 100 m.

关 键 词：蜜蜂 辅助授粉 扁桃 坐果率 

分 类 号：S664.9[农业科学—果树学] S60[农业科学—园艺学]