基于车速离散度和经济车速的高速公路最低车速限制  

Setting minimum vehicle speed limit on freeway based on speed scattering and economic speed

作　　者：徐亮[1] 程国柱[2] 

机构地区：[1]长春工程学院土木学院,长春130012 [2]哈尔滨工业大学交通科学与工程学院,哈尔滨150090

出　　处：《吉林大学学报（工学版）》2010年第3期661-665,共5页Journal of Jilin University:Engineering and Technology Edition

基　　金：吉林省科技发展计划项目(20090705);高等学校博士学科点专项科研基金项目(200802131013)

摘　　要：为了给合理制定高速公路最低车速限制标准提供理论依据,保证高速公路行车安全与节能,研究了基于车速离散性约束和以油耗量最小为目标的高速公路最低车速限制方法。给出了车速离散度的概念和计算方法。采用回归分析方法建立了车速离散度与事故率的关系模型,确定了车速离散度的阈值。从行车安全角度给出了最低车速限制基于车速离散度的约束条件,即最低车速限制值应大于最高车速限制值的0.62倍。以油耗量最小作为最低车速限制的目标函数,采用回归分析方法建立了油耗与车速关系模型,给出了不同坡度下的经济车速。认为最低车速限制值应取0.62倍最高车速限制值与经济车速中的较大值。这样一方面能保证车速分布尽量均匀,减少事故发生的可能性,另一方面有利于减小行车油耗,从管理角度为高速公路的节能提供支持。In order to provide a theoretical basis for drawing up a reasonable vehicle minimum speed limit（MSL）on freeway standard to ensure its traffic safety and energy saving,the method to set the MSL was studied based on the vehicle speed scattering constraint and considering the vehicle minimum fuel consumption as the target.The concept of the vehicle speed scattering was proposed and its calculation method was given.The model of relationship between the speed scattering and the traffic accident rate was built using the regression analysis method（RAM）,and the threshold value of the speed scattering was defined.The constraint condition for the MSL was given from the need of traffic safety,i.e.the MSL should be higher than 62% of the maximum speed limit.Taking the minimum fuel consumption as the target function of setting MSL,the model of relationship between the fuel consumption and the vehicle speed was built using the RAM,the economic speeds under different grades were given.The MSL should be the higher value from the 62% of the maximum speed limit and the economic speed,which on the one hand ensures the vehicle speed distribution as uniform as possible,reducing the probability of road traffic accident,on the other hand is in favor of decreasing the vehicle fuel consumption,providing a support for energy saving of freeway operation from the management side.

关 键 词：交通运输规划与管理 最低车速限制 回归分析 高速公路 车速离散度 经济车速 

分 类 号：U491[交通运输工程—交通运输规划与管理]