小儿麻醉前准备与用药  

Preparation and premedication of pediatric patients undergoing anesthesia.

作　　者：李建军[1] 

机构地区：[1]山东大学齐鲁医院麻醉科,济南250012

出　　处：《中国实用口腔科杂志》2010年第3期129-131,共3页Chinese Journal of Practical Stomatology

摘　　要：小儿麻醉前准备的目的在于尽量缓解患儿与家庭成员的恐慌与焦虑,详细了解患儿外科疾病和其他并存疾病,对麻醉中可能出现的问题做出评估,拟定相应的防范措施,降低围术期疾病的发生率,改善患儿预后。麻醉前对患儿身体情况的准确评估与详尽的准备,是保证麻醉安全与手术顺利进行的基础。本文从麻醉前访视、术前禁食、麻醉前用药、特殊疾病患儿、麻醉用具等方面对小儿麻醉前准备与用药进行阐述。An efficient preanesthetic preparation should accomplish three key goals：（1）To reduce anxiety and resistance to aesthesia procedures for children and family.（2）To obtain pertinent information about the patient＇ disease and medical history and physical condition in order to choose anesthesia plan to be followed.（3）To reduce the morbidity of surgery and improve medical outcome.Successful anesthesia is built on the foundation of the preanesthetic evaluation and preparation,five aspects of which will be discussed in this article：preanesthetic interview,fasting,premedication,special pediatric problems and anesthetic appliance.

关 键 词：儿童 麻醉 术前评估 麻醉前用药 

分 类 号：R78[医药卫生—口腔医学]