近10年北京协和医院直肠癌发病模式的变迁和临床特点分析  

Trends in Morbility and Clinical Characteristics of Rectal Cancer in Recent 10 Years in PUMCH

作　　者：赵莉[1] 李景南[1] 钱家鸣[1] 苗政[1] 郑威扬[1] 唐晓艳[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国医学科学院中国协和医科大学北京协和医院消化内科,北京100730

出　　处：《临床内科杂志》2010年第4期252-254,共3页Journal of Clinical Internal Medicine

摘　　要：目的探讨近10年来我院直肠癌发病模式的变迁和临床特点。方法回顾性分析1999～2008年北京协和医院985例直肠癌住院患者的临床资料，将其发病情况与既往进行比较，并分析其临床表现、实验室检查、确诊方法、治疗手段和临床分期。结果近10年来直肠癌在大肠癌中所占的比例有下降趋势（44．4％V852．7％），其中男性及老年患者明显增加（P〈0．01）；便血（76．9％）、大便习惯改变（71．6％）和腹痛（63．2％）是主要临床表现；便常规检查异常者占76．6％，血红蛋白下降和CEA异常并不常见；直肠指诊有87．9％的患者发现病变；治疗手段以新辅助治疗和手术切除为主，Duke分期以B、C为主。结论近年来直肠癌中老年患者明显增加，临床表现缺乏特异性，临床上应重视直肠指诊，以期早期诊断。Objective To explore the change of morbidity and clinical features of rectal cancer in recently 10 years. Methods 985 cases of colon cancer in Peking Union Medical College Hospital during 1999-2008 were retrospectively studied. The morbidity was compared with before. Clinical manifestations, laboratory examination, methods of diagnosis and treatment, pathological stage were also analyzed. Results In recent 10 years,the ratio of rectal cancer in colorectal cancer was decreased from 52.7% to 44.4% ; the number of male and old patients were increased significantly （ P 〈 0.01 ） ; hematochezia （ 76.9% ）, change of bowel habit （71.6% ） and abdominal pain （ 63.2% ） were main symptoms ; abnormality of stool routine often occur（76.6% ）, decreased Hb and CEA abnormality were not common;rectal touch was abnormal in 87.9% patients ;new subsidiary theraphy and operation was the first choice of treatment, Duke B,C were the main stage. Conclusions In the recent 10 years,the age obviously became eider and male patients were increased in rectal cancer. The clinical manifestation was less specific. In clinic, rectal touch should be taken seriously for early diagnosis.

关 键 词：直肠癌 临床特点 

分 类 号：R735.37[医药卫生—肿瘤]