地震亲历者执行两难决策任务的大脑机制:一项ERP研究  

The Neural Mechanism underlying the Dilemma Decision Task of Subjects:Who Have Experienced the Great Earthquake:an Event-related Potential Study

作　　者：张玉婷[1] 邱江[1] 张庆林[1] 

机构地区：[1]西南大学心理学院,重庆400715

出　　处：《西南大学学报（自然科学版）》2010年第4期157-162,共6页Journal of Southwest University(Natural Science Edition)

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(7067084)

摘　　要：采用事件相关电位（ERP）技术探讨了地震亲历者在执行两难决策任务（要求被试选择在地震的废墟中只救出自己和亲人或者自己与生人中的一个人）时的脑内时程动态变化.所有被试均来自成都,都曾在此亲身经历了＂5.12＂汶川大地震.研究结果发现,在150-300ms内＂自己和亲人＂比＂自己和生人＂决策任务的ERP波形诱发出一个更为正性的ERP成分（P150-300）,可能反映了在决策早期阶段,由于情境记忆（地震灾难）的自动激活,前者比后者需要分配更多的认知资源来抑制无关信息的激活.随后,在300-780ms内＂自己和亲人＂比＂自己和生人＂决策任务诱发一个更加正性的晚期ERP成分（late positive component,LPC）,可能反映了在决策晚期阶段,前者比后者产生了更强的认知冲突,因此需要大脑进行适时的监控和调节.另外,对差异波的偶极子溯源分析结果显示,P150-300可能起源于海马旁回和丘脑附近,随后的LPC则可能起源于额中回.Event-related brain potentials were measured when subjects implemented the dilemma decision-making task（subjects were asked to choose alternatively rescuing themselves and their relatives or themselves and a stranger in the ruins of the earthquake）.All subjects were from Chengdu and had personally experienced 5.12 Wenchuan earthquake in 2009.The results revealed that at 150-300 ms,the ERP waveforms of the ＂self-relatives＂ decision-making mission evoked a more positive ERP component（P150-300）than ＂self-stranger＂,indicating that at the early stage of decision-making,because of automatic activation of contextual memory（earthquake disaster）,the former had to allocate more cognitive resources to inhibit the activation of irrelevant information than the latter.Subsequently,at 300-780 ms,the ＂self-relatives＂ decision-making task induced a more positive ERP late positive component（LPC）than the ＂self-stranger＂ decision-making task,which probably suggested that the former had a stronger cognitive conflict and,therefore,the brain had to conduct timely monitoring and regulation.Dipole source analysis of difference wave indicated that P150-300 may originate in the adjacent regions of parahippocampal gyrus and thalamus and the subsequent LPC may originate in mediusgyrus.

关 键 词：两难 决策 四川地震 事件相关电位 

分 类 号：B842[哲学宗教—基础心理学]