污水处理厂尾水对金鱼生命早期生长和发育的影响  

Effects of the Effluent from a Wastewater Treatment Plant in Early Life Stage on Development and Growth of Goldfish(Carassias auratus)

作　　者：张海珍[1] 陆光华[1] 

机构地区：[1]河海大学环境科学与工程学院,浅水湖泊综合治理与资源开发教育部重点实验室,南京210098

出　　处：《环境科学》2010年第5期1333-1338,共6页Environmental Science

基　　金：教育部科学技术研究重点项目(109076);国家重点基础研究发展规划(973)项目(2008CB418203)

摘　　要：研究了污水处理厂尾水对金鱼(Carassias auratus)生命早期的影响.吸水膨胀后的金鱼受精卵分别暴露于一系列渐变的尾水浓度中30d后,金鱼孵化率和幼鱼存活率随着尾水浓度的升高而降低,而畸形率却随着尾水浓度的升高而增加.暴露于污水处理厂尾水(浓度≥20%)的幼鱼生长受到抑制,体长和体重显著下降(p<0.05).所有设置浓度的污水处理厂尾水均诱导了幼鱼体内卵黄蛋白原(Vtg)的生成,但是剂量-效应关系不明显.20%的尾水对幼鱼体内Vtg合成的诱导效应最为明显,但是浓度高于20%的尾水暴露下,Vtg的诱导效应降低.经过一段时间清水恢复阶段后,鱼体重和体长显著增加,金鱼Vtg水平显著降低(p<0.05).研究表明污水处理厂尾水的生命早期暴露存在导致鱼类雌性化的风险.金鱼早期生命阶段的敏感性,使其适用于评价水中内分泌干扰物的生态影响.The present study was conducted to assess the effects of effluent from a wastewater treatment plant （WWTP） on goldfish in early life stage. Fertilized eggs of the goldfish were exposed to a serial of graded concentrations of the effluent for 30 d. The hatching and survival rates of goldfish were decreased and the freaky rate was elevated with increased effluent concentrations. Additionally,the growth of fry was inhibited,and both body length and body weight were significantly decreased at ≥20% of effluent （p 〈0. 05）. vitellogenin（Vtg） in fry was induced by all exposure concentrations. However,concentration dependence was not apparent. The highest Vtg induction was observed at the exposure of 20% effluent,whereas the induction effects of Vtg were decreased at 20% of effluent. After a period of culture in clean water,both body length and body weight of fish were significantly increased,and Vtg levels were significantly decreased （p 〈0. 05）. The result demonstrates that the exposure of WWTP effluents in early life stage can cause a risk of fish feminization. Goldfish seem to be suitable in assessing environmental impact of endocrine-disrupting chemicals due to their sensitivity in early life stage.

关 键 词：污水处理厂尾水 金鱼 生命早期 卵黄蛋白原 雌性化 

分 类 号：X174[环境科学与工程—环境科学] X503.225