饲料中添加怀山药与怀菊花对黄河鲤幼鱼肌肉生化成分的影响  

Effects of Dietary Dioscorea opposita and Chrysanthemum morifolium on Muscle Composition in Common Carp Cyrinus carpio

作　　者：乔志刚[1] 张英英[1] 李学军[1] 郭向辉[1] 彭新亮[1] 张国梁[1] 

机构地区：[1]河南师范大学生命科学学院,河南新乡453007

出　　处：《水产科学》2010年第5期249-254,共6页Fisheries Science

基　　金：河南省自然科学基金资助项目(0324030026)

摘　　要：采用体质量约21.85 g的黄河鲤幼鱼,随机分为3组,每组3个重复,每个重复50尾鱼,分别投喂基础饲料、含怀山药2%的饲料与含怀菊花2%的饲料,饲养42 d后测定其肌肉生化成分。试验结果表明,添加怀山药与怀菊花能显著提高黄河鲤肌肉中脂肪含量(P<0.05),而对肌肉蛋白质、水分和灰分的影响不显著(P>0.05);添加怀菊花显著提高了黄河鲤肌肉中的天冬氨酸、谷氨酸、丙氨酸、亮氨酸、赖氨酸和精氨酸的含量(P<0.05),添加怀山药显著提高了黄河鲤肌肉中的亮氨酸、精氨酸含量(P<0.05),各试验组必需氨基酸总量明显高于FAO/WHO评分标准;添加怀菊花可显著提高黄河鲤肌肉中亚麻酸的含量。添加怀山药与怀菊花可显著提高黄河鲤幼鱼肌肉脂肪含量;添加怀菊花可显著提高其鲜味氨基酸的含量,在一定程度上提高了鱼肉品质;各试验组必需氨基酸含量及必需氨基酸评分高于对照组。表明怀山药与怀菊花是一种值得开发的饲料添加剂。The effect of dietary Dioscorea opposita and Chrysanthemum morifolium on muscle composition was conducted in common carp Cyrinus carpio with body weight of 21.85 g. The fish were randomly assigned to feed the basal diet supplemented with 0, 2 % D. opposita and 2% C. morifolium with triplication of each fifty individuals for 42 days. The fish fed the diet containing D. opposita and C. morifolium had significantly higher fat content in the muscles（P〈0.05）than that in the fish fed the basic diet. However, there were no significant increase in the protein, moisture and ash in the fish fed the diet containing D. opposita and C. morifolium（P〉0. 05）. The contents of Asp, Glu, Ala, Leu, Lys, and Arg were found higher in the fish fed the diet containing C. morifolium than that in the control group（P〈0.05）, but only the Leu and Arg levels in the muscles of the fish fed the diet containing D. opposita were higher than that in the control group（P〈0.05）. For the other amino acids, however, there were no significant differences in the control group（P〉0.05）. The percent of the essential amino acids were much higher in all groups than those in the FAO/WHO evaluation standard. In fatty acid compositions, the content of linolenic acid in the fish fed the diet containing C. morifolium was found significantly higher than that in the control group（P〈0.05）, indicating that D. opposita and C. morifolium improved the content of fat, and Asp, Glu, Asa, Leu, Lys, and Arg in common carp muscles.

关 键 词：怀山药 怀菊花 黄河鲤 生化成分 

分 类 号：S965.116[农业科学—水产养殖]