长白山森林次生演替过程中林木空间格局研究  

Spatial pattern of forests during secondary succession in Changbai Mountain,northeastern China

作　　者：龚直文[1,2] 顾丽[1] 亢新刚[1] 杨华[1] 赵浩彦[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京林业大学省部共建森林培育与保护教育部重点实验室 [2]北京林业大学农林经济管理博士后科研流动站

出　　处：《北京林业大学学报》2010年第2期92-99,共8页Journal of Beijing Forestry University

基　　金：林业公益性行业科研项目(200804027);"十一五"国家科技支撑计划项目(2006BAD03A08)

摘　　要：本文运用空间点格局分析方法分析长白山过伐林区各个森林演替阶段的先锋树种、顶级树种和其他树种的空间格局和空间关联性。结果表明:1)从杨桦次生林、云冷杉过伐林到云冷杉针阔混交近原始林演替过程中,林分整体空间分布格局由聚集过渡为随机分布,先锋树种早期呈聚集分布状态,到了演替后期呈随机分布;其他树种在总体上都是小尺度上为聚集分布,而大尺度上是随机分布;顶级乡土树种云冷杉、红松在>12m的尺度时向着均匀分布方向发展;2)次生演替过程中先锋树种和顶级树种种间关系由先期的负关联变为正关联,树种之间共同利用资源;杨桦次生林中先锋树种杨桦和其他伴生树种之间在所有尺度下均呈负关联,到15m尺度时关联显著;顶级树种与其他树种二者在所有尺度上都呈正关联。因此,分析种内或种间关联时,不同尺度有着明显多样的格局。In this study,spatial pattern and associations of pioneer species,climax species and other species at different succession stages were analyzed by a point pattern analysis method in over-cutting forests in Changbai Mountain.We found that during the secondary succession from polar-birch forests,spruce-fir forests to spruce-fir mixed forests,spatial pattern of forests changed from a clumped to a random distribution.Pioneer species such as Betula platyphylla and Populus davidiana changed from a clumped to a random pattern at all spatial scales.Other species showed a clumped pattern at small scales,but a random pattern at large scales.Climax species presented a regular distribution at a scale larger than 12 m.During the secondary succession,interaction between pioneer and climax species changed from negative to positive associations,and shared the environment resources at later succession stages.In secondary polar-birch forests,the pioneer species and other species showed negative associations at all scales,and significant associations at a scale of 15 m.Climax and other species showed positive associations at all scales.Thus spatial characteristics of forest structure are closely related to spatial scales.

关 键 词：空间格局 点格局 林分动态 尺度 群落演替 杨桦林 Ripley’sK(d) 

分 类 号：S718.5[农业科学—林学]