苎麻微生物脱胶菌株筛选及脱胶效果评价  

Isolation and screening of microbial strains for biological degumming of ramie and evaluation of its effects

作　　者：陈杨栋[1,2] 陈婷[1,2] 李力炯[1,2] 曹张军[1,2] 张兴群[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]东华大学生态纺织教育部重点实验室,上海201620 [2]东华大学化学化工与生物工程学院,上海201620

出　　处：《纺织学报》2010年第5期69-73,共5页Journal of Textile Research

基　　金：教育部长江学者和创新团队发展计划项目(IRT0526)

摘　　要：为筛选并获得苎麻微生物脱胶菌种,将富集培养与稀释涂布相结合,从随机选取的几种腐烂苎麻样品中获得微生物纯培养物38株,以形态学观察、生理生化测定和16S rRNA聚类分析对细菌进行鉴定。利用透明圈法筛选得到脱胶能力相对较强的微生物9株,其中细菌6株,分别隶属于芽孢杆菌属(Bacillus)1株、不动杆菌属(Acinetobacter)2株、类芽孢杆菌属(Paenibacillus)2株、伯克霍尔德氏菌属(Burkholderia)1株、丝状真菌3株。以残胶率为标准,比较6株细菌综合脱胶能力,其中枯草杆菌(Bacillus subtilis)脱胶能力最强,残胶率为13.82%。For screening and obtaining microbial strains for biological degumming of ramie,38 microbial strains,including 21 bacteria,13 fungi and 4 actinomycetes were isolated from randomly selected putrid ramie by enrichment cultivation in combination with diluted coating.Identification of the strains was performed by morphology observation,physiological and biochemical reactions,and sequence analysis of 16S rRNA.Through screening with a method of transparent zones,9 microbial strains were obtained,which had high and stable degradation ability to gum.Among them,the bacteria were indentified as Bacillus,Acinetobacter,Paenibacillus and Burkholderia.The degumming effects of the strains indicated that the bacillus subtilis strain isolated from putrid ramie is the best,with the residual gum content only 13.82%.

关 键 词：苎麻 生物脱胶 微生物 果胶酶 半纤维素酶 

分 类 号：TS123.2[轻工技术与工程—纺织材料与纺织品设计]