苦杏仁精油对粘虫的触杀活性研究  

Contact Toxicity of Bitter Almond Oil against Mythimna separata

作　　者：马玉花[1,2] 赵忠[1] 江志利[3] 魏丽萍[1] 郭婵娟[1] 张兴[3] 

机构地区：[1]西北农林科技大学林学院,陕西杨陵712100 [2]青海大学农牧学院,西宁810016 [3]西北农林科技大学无公害农药研究服务中心,陕西杨陵712100

出　　处：《西北植物学报》2010年第3期604-609,共6页Acta Botanica Boreali-Occidentalia Sinica

基　　金：国家林业局"948"项目(2004-4-52)

摘　　要：以粘虫4龄幼虫为对象,采用"点滴法"研究了山杏种仁两种苦杏仁精油(含HCN和去HCN)对粘虫的触杀活性及其生长发育的影响。结果显示,处理后48h,5～100μL/mL浓度处理的试虫死亡率均在51.67%以上,40和100μL/mL浓度处理的粘虫死亡率分别达到了95%(含HCN)/98.33%(去HCN)和100%,48h时含HCN与除去HCN两种苦杏仁精油对粘虫的触杀致死中浓分别为5.10和4.69μL/mL;苦杏仁精油对粘虫的化蛹期以及羽化期提前1～3d,并有一定数量的畸形蛹出现,部分试虫虽能正常化蛹并羽化,但其蛹以及成虫虫体均较对照小,且羽化后蛾体萎缩,活动力降低,因展翅困难而死。可见,两种苦杏仁精油对粘虫具有很强的触杀活性,且去HCN的苦杏仁精油对粘虫的活性高于含HCN的苦杏仁精油,其对粘虫生长发育抑制活性主要表现化蛹期以及羽化期提前,苦杏仁精油有望发展为植物性杀虫剂。The contact toxicity of bitter almond oil against Mythimna separata was reported in this article.The result showed that after 48 h,the mortality of M.separata is more than 51.67% when the treated concentration of bitter almond oil from 5 μL/mL to 100 μL/mL,in which the mortality of 40 μL/mL reached 95% and the mortality of 100 μL/mL reached 100%,and the LC50 of bitter almond oil with and without HCN against M.separata at 48 h is 5.10 μL/mL and 4.69 μL/mL respectively.The result showed that both of the two types of bitter almond oil have strong contact toxicity against M.separata.The comparative study of contact toxicity of bitter almond oil with HCN and without HCN showed that the contact toxicity of bitter almond oil without HCN was higher than that of bitter almond oil with HCN.In addition,the eclosion of pupa treated with bitter almond oil advance 1 to 3 days compared with CK,and there are some abnormal pupae,although some of M.separata can pupate and eclosion,but the body size of pupa and adult is smaller than that of CK.The moth body atrophy and their activity reduced,ultimate died.The results indicate that bitter almond oil can be expected to develop into a botanical insecticide used in the prevention and control of agricultural pests.

关 键 词：苦杏仁精油 粘虫 触杀活性 生长发育抑制活性 

分 类 号：Q946.887[生物学—植物学]