夜间温度升高对双季早晚稻产量的影响  

Effects of nighttime temperature increase on the yield of double season rice

作　　者：魏金连[1] 潘晓华[1] 邓强辉[1] 

机构地区：[1]农业部双季稻生理生态与栽培重点开放实验室/作物生理生态与遗传育种教育部重点实验室/江西农业大学,江西南昌330045

出　　处：《生态学报》2010年第10期2793-2798,共6页Acta Ecologica Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(30860138)

摘　　要：温度是影响水稻生长发育的重要因素,但夜间温度升高对双季水稻产量的影响还不清楚。利用两间玻璃室内夜间不同的温度条件,研究了水稻生长期间夜温升高对双季早、晚稻产量的影响。结果表明,夜间最低温度每升高1℃早稻产量降低5.42%-9.48%,而夜间最低温度每升高1℃晚稻产量提高8.99%-11.28%。夜温升高有利于早、晚稻的分蘖,增加有效穗数,但不利于颖花分化,使每穗粒数减少;夜温升高使早稻结实率下降,但提高晚稻的结实率。Temperature is one of the important factors affecting the rice＇s growth and development,but little is known about the impact of nighttime temperature increase on the yield of double season rice. Different nighttime temperatures in twoglass-houses were established to investigate the effects of nighttime temperature increase on the yield of double season rice.For early season rice,the grain yield decreased by 5.42% -9.48% with each 1℃ increase in growing-season minimum temperature. With such a nighttime temperature change,the grain yield of late season rice was promoted by 8.99% -11.28%. The nighttime temperature increase facilitated the tillering of both early and late rice,increased the effective panicles,but inhibited spikelets differentiation. Moreover,the rise in nighttime temperature reduced the filled grain rate of early rice,but improved the filled grain rate of late rice.

关 键 词：双季水稻 夜温升高 产量与产量构成 分蘖 颖花分化与退化 

分 类 号：S511.42[农业科学—作物学]