湖南省2002-2009年霍乱监测结果报告  

Monitoring Results of Cholera in Hunan From 2002 to 2009

作　　者：邓志红[1] 胡世雄[1] 高立冬[1] 湛志飞[1] 龙智钢[1] 王五红[1] 

机构地区：[1]湖南省疾病预防控制中心,湖南长沙410005

出　　处：《实用预防医学》2010年第5期856-858,共3页Practical Preventive Medicine

基　　金：湖南省卫生厅资助课题(B2003-135)

摘　　要：目的及时发现人群中霍乱病例和被霍乱弧菌污染的水体及食物,尽早采取预防控制措施,防止疫情扩散。方法采取全省常规监测和疫点监测相结合的方法。结果湖南省2002-2009年共发生37起霍乱疫情,报告病例86例,死亡2例,病死率为2.44%;常规外环境监测样品320279份,检出霍乱弧菌阳性211份,均为海水产品;疫点检测人粪便样8655份,检出带菌者102例,阳性率为1.18%;检测外环境样1599份,阳性55份,阳性率为3.44%;来自病人、带菌者、甲鱼中分离的O139群霍乱弧菌高度同源。结论甲鱼等水产品被污染是湖南省发生霍乱的主要因素,应加强水产品的监测和卫生管理,并做好农村聚餐的卫生指导。Objective To promptly find the cases of cholera in crowd,the food and water body contaminated by Vibrio cholerae,and to take effective preventive measures as early as possible to avoid the growing epidemic.Methods Both the regular monitoring and spots surveillance were taken.Results Totally 37 outbreaks of cholera and 86 patients with cholera were reported from 2002 to 2009.Two cases died,and the fatality rate was 2.44%.320,279 samples from environment were tested by regular monitoring.211 samples were positive,which all came from the seafood.8,655 stool samples were tested in the epidemic spots,and 102 carriers were found,with the carrier rate of 1.18%.1,599 samples from environment were tested in the epidemic spots.55 samples were positive,and the positive rate was 3.44%.The Vibrio cholera O139 strains isolated from soft-shelled turtles enjoyed a high homology with those of both patients and carriers.Conclusions The contaminated sea food such as contaminated soft-shelled turtles was the main factor of the cholera O139 epidemic in Hunan Province.We should strengthen the monitoring of sea food and its hygiene management,and give good guidance for rural gathering-dinner.

关 键 词：霍乱 监测 水产品 

分 类 号：R181.8[医药卫生—流行病学]