氯酚类化合物对青鱼和细鳞斜颌鯝幼鱼的毒性  

Acute and chronic toxicities of three chlorophenols to Mylopharyngodon piceus and Plagiognathops microlepis at early life stage

作　　者：金小伟[1] 查金苗[1] 许宜平[1] 王子健[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院生态环境研究中心环境水质学国家重点实验室,北京100085

出　　处：《环境科学学报》2010年第6期1235-1242,共8页Acta Scientiae Circumstantiae

基　　金：环保公益性行业科研专项(No.200709034);国家自然科学基金(No.40703025);国家高技术研究发展计划(863)资助项目(No.2007AA06A405);环境模拟与污染控制国家重点联合实验室导向课题(No.08Z01ESPCR)~~

摘　　要：以我国特有青鱼和细鳞斜颌鯝为受试物种,利用其生命早期阶段的急性毒性LC50值和28d慢性生长抑制试验所获得的最大可接受浓度(MATC)评价了3种氯酚类化合物的毒性效应.实验结果显示,2,4-二氯酚(2,4-DCP),2,4,6-三氯酚(2,4,6-TCP)和五氯酚(PCP)对青鱼和细鳞斜颌鯝的的96hLC50值分别为4.01(3.61～4.68)、1.22(1.12～1.31)、0.10(0.08～0.11)mg·mL-1和2.48(1.94～2.89)、1.10(0.38～1.36)、0.09(0.08～0.10)mg·mL-1,且3种氯酚类化合物对青鱼的毒性和细鳞斜颌鲴的毒性存在良好的线性相关性.根据化学物质对鱼类毒性分级标准,PCP对青鱼和细鳞斜颌鲴均为剧毒,2,4-DCP和2,4,6-TCP对青鱼和细鳞斜颌鲴均为高毒.青鱼对2,4-DCP,2,4,6-TCP和PCP的MATC分别为0.05mg·mL-1、<0.10mg·mL-1和0.015mg·mL-1,对应的急慢性毒性比(ACR)分别为80.2、12.2和6.67;细鳞斜颌鲴对2,4-DCP、2,4,6-TCP和PCP的MATC分别为0.30mg·mL-1、0.15mg·mL-1和<0.01mg·mL-1,对应ACR分别为8.27、7.33和9.00.In the article,acute and 28d chronic growth inhibition toxicities of 2,4-dichlorophenol（2,4-DCP）,2,4,6-trichlorophenol（2,4,6-TCP）and pentachlorophenol（PCP）to Mylopharyngodon piceus and Plagiognathops microlepis at early life stage were tested to assess the toxicity of three chlorophenols.The result showed that the 96 h LC50 of 2,4-DCP,2,4,6-TCP,PCP to Mylopharyngodon piceus and Plagiognathops microlepis were 4.01（3.61-4.68）,1.22（1.12-1.31）,0.10（0.08-0.11）mg·L^-1 and 2.48（1.94-2.89）,1.10（0.38-1.36）,0.09（0.08-0.10）mg·L^-1,respectively.There was good linear correlation between Mylopharyngodon piceus toxicity and Plagiognathops microlepis toxicity.Based on the Toxic Ranking of Chemical Substances to Fish,PCP ranks as highly toxic,while 2,4-DCP and 2,4,6-TCP were strongly toxic.The Maximum Acceptable Toxicant Concentration（MATC）for 2,4-DCP,2,4,6-TCP and PCP were 0.05 mg·L^-1,0.10 mg·L^-1 and 0.015 mg·L^-1,and the corresponding acute and chronic toxicity ratios（ACR）were 80.2,12.2 and 6.67,respectively for Mylopharyngodon piceus.MATCs of 2,4-DCP,2,4,6-TCP and PCP were 0.30 mg·L^-1,0.15 mg·L^-1 and 0.01 mg·L^-1,and the corresponding ACRs were 8.27,7.33 and 9.00 for Plagiognathops microlepis.

关 键 词：毒性 青鱼 细鳞斜颌鯝 氯酚 

分 类 号：K171.5[历史地理—历史学]