利用磷脂脂肪酸(PLFAs)生物标记法分析水稻根际土壤微生物多样性  

Analysis on Microbial Diversity in the Rhizosphere of Rice by Phospholipid Fatty Acids Biomarkers

作　　者：刘波[1] 胡桂萍[1] 郑雪芳[1] 张建福[2] 谢华安 

机构地区：[1]福建省农业科学院农业生物资源研究所,福建福州350003 [2]福建省农业科学院水稻研究所,福建福州350018 [3]国家水稻改良中心福州分中心,福建福州350018

出　　处：《中国水稻科学》2010年第3期278-288,共11页Chinese Journal of Rice Science

基　　金：国家863计划资助项目(2006AA100101;2006AA10A211);福建省财政专项-福建省农业科学院科技创新团队建设基金资助项目(STIF-Y03)

摘　　要：采用磷脂脂肪酸(PLFAs)生物标记法,分析了4个以Ⅱ-32A为母本和3个以制5为父本的系列杂交水稻组合在同等栽培条件下根际土壤的微生物群落结构,并探讨其与水稻特性的内在联系,以期为水稻育种和品种改良提供科学依据。结果表明,水稻根际土壤磷脂脂肪酸生物标记丰富,共检测到38种PLFAs,其中完全分布的生物标记有23种,不完全分布的有15种;水稻根际土壤中PLFAs含量细菌>真菌>放线菌。不同水稻材料根际土壤微生物磷脂脂肪酸生物标记组成结构存在差异。对根际土壤特征磷脂脂肪酸生物标记16:0(细菌)、18:1ω9c(真菌)、10Me17:0(放线菌)、10Me16:0(硫酸盐还原细菌)和16:1ω5c(甲烷氧化菌)比较可知,制5系列组合含量高,最高的为金生优制5,Ⅱ-32A系列组合较低,含量最低的为Ⅱ优797。对PLFAs总量和水稻特性进行Pearson相关分析,结果表明,PLFAs含量与水稻有效穗数和产量呈显著正相关,但与株高呈显著负相关。对水稻根际土壤磷脂脂肪酸生物量总量进行聚类分析发现,Ⅱ-32A系列组合聚为一类,制5系列组合聚为一类,表现出水稻遗传特性在其根际PLFAs上的差异性。研究结果表明,水稻根际土壤微生物群落PLFAs结构丰富,根际土壤微生物群落结构受水稻遗传亲缘关系的影响。The microbial community structure in rice rhizosphere was analyzed using phospholipid fatty acids biomarkers（PLFAs） with seven hybrid rice combinations as materials under the same cultivation conditions. The PLFAs was detected by MIDI system to get the biomarkers and to calculate the microbial community diversity. Cluster analysis was introduced into the quantity statistic for the characteristics of rhizosphere microbial community in the rice materials. The results showed that 38 PLFAs biomarkers were detected, 23 of which were distributed in rhizosphere of the seven materials and 15 in the rhizosphere of some of the hybrid rice combinations. The quantities of PLFAs related to bacteria were higher than either those to fungi or to actinomycetes. The rhizosphere microbial community structure represented by PLFAs was closely related to the biology of rice materials.The PLFAs content was significantly and positively correlated with the number of effective panicles as well as the yield, whereas significantly and negatively correlated with the plant height of rice. Moreover, cluster analysis displayed that the PLFAs were associated with rice genetic characteristics. It is concluded that the microbial community structure represented by PLFAs in rice rhizosphere was rich, which sensitively reflected the relation between the PLFAs and the biological and genetic characteristics of rice variety.

关 键 词：水稻 根际 土壤微生物 磷脂脂肪酸 多样性 

分 类 号：S154.3[农业科学—土壤学] S511[农业科学—农业基础科学]