双目动态摄影测量技术研究与实现  

Research and Realization on the Technique of Dual Cameras Dynamic Photogrammetry

作　　者：于英[1] 黄桂平[1] 贾超广[1] 平丽浩[2] 柳玉书[2] 

机构地区：[1]信息工程大学测绘学院,河南郑州450052 [2]南京电子技术研究所,江苏南京210013

出　　处：《计量学报》2010年第3期204-207,共4页Acta Metrologica Sinica

基　　金：中国人民解放军973课题（61358）;信息工程大学测绘学院2007级硕士创优基金

摘　　要：针对振动条件下雷达天线型面变形测量问题，设计了基于双目视觉动态摄影测量系统。介绍了系统的组成和工作流程，并对其中的相机同步技术、相机控制场标定技术、圆形标志点中心定位技术、像点自动匹配技术进行了研究。系统通过图像采集卡实现了一种廉价的ns级双相机同步方式。用10参数模型对相机进行了标定。采用了一种高反射率的圆形人工标志，通过Canny灰度质心的方法实现了圆形标志点中心的定位。系统用两种方法实现了像点的自动匹配：第一种是基于待测物体近似坐标的驱动点匹配方法。第二种则是运用核线约束、像点残差约束和相对关系约束，完成像点自动匹配。进行了振动测量试验，试验结果表明在物距为1．5m和物体振动频率小于50Hz条件下，系统点位测量精度小于0．3min，平面度测量精度小于0．1min。To detect the deformation of radar surface in vibration, a dynamic measurement technique is developed. The components and work flow of the dual cameras dynamic photogrammetry system were introduced. The techniques research includes dual cameras synchronization, camera calibration in control network, center extraction of artificial target points, and automatic matching. The low-priced and nanosecond synchronization precision dual cameras system was realized with the frame grabber. The camera was calibrated with a 10-parameter distortion model. The circular artificial target points with high reflectivity were used as the measured points and their coordinates on the images were calculated by Canny and Graylevel centroid method. Two matching methods were proposed. The first uses the near front point to complete the matching. The second organically combines the epipolar ray constraint, the residual error constraint, and the relative constraint to complete the matching. The dyanmie measurement experiments were conducted to validate it, the positional accuracy was within 0. 3 mm and the plane accuracy was within 0. 1 mm in the system.

关 键 词：计量学 双目动态摄影测量 相机同步 相机标定 像点提取 像点匹配 

分 类 号：TB92[一般工业技术—计量学]