天津潮间带高程现状与滨海新区城市安全  

Current elevation of Tianjin tidal zone and the urban safety of Binhai New Area, China

作　　者：王福[1] 裴艳东[1] 李建芬[1,2] 商志文[1,3] 范昌福[4] 田立柱[1,2] 宋美钰[5] 耿岩 王宏[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国地质调查局天津地质调查中心,天津300170 [2]中国地质大学海洋学院,北京100083 [3]中国地质科学院研究生院,北京100037 [4]中国地质科学院矿产资源研究所,北京100037 [5]天津地热勘察开发设计院,天津300250 [6]辽宁省冶金地质勘察院,辽宁鞍山114000

出　　处：《地质通报》2010年第5期682-687,共6页Geological Bulletin of China

基　　金：中国地质调查局国土资源大调查项目<环渤海地区重点地段环境地质调查及脆弱性评价>(编号:1212010540501);<中国泥质海岸带对全球变化响应的研究与趋势预测>(编号:1212010911069)资助

摘　　要：通过6条潮间带水准测量剖面,对天津滨海新区潮间带的高程及坡度进行了测量和计算。结果显示:人工岸线(海堤、海防公路等)与滩面交汇处的高程为+0.22m^+0.73m(1956黄海高程);天津潮间带的平均坡度为1.25‰,海河南侧滩面的平均坡度为1.09‰,较北侧1.33‰小,海河北侧从蛏头沽剖面(1.21‰)到大神堂剖面(1.58‰)滩面坡度呈现变大的趋势;结合潮位观测数据,获得了潮间带的出落宽度,永定新河潮间带最宽,为1730~1810m,大神堂潮间带最窄,为1090~1160m。与20世纪80年代对比,滩面已变陡、变窄。进一步的滩面高度与潮位对比发现,滩面与人工岸线交汇处的高程均低于平均高潮位,揭示了海防设施受到海水直接影响的现状。海防设施真正地成了保护城市的唯一屏障,因此应该进一步加高、加固海防设施,提高防灾等级。Based on 6 leveling sections across the tidal zone of Tianjin Binhai New Area, the height and slop of tidal zone were measured and calculated. The elevation of the interface between anthropogenic coastline （seawall, coastal road and so on） and the natural tidal zone is from ＋0.22m～＋0.73m （1956Huanghai Elevation System）. The slop results of the tidal zone show that the average slop of Tianjin tidal zone is 1.25‰, and the average slop of tidal zone on the south Haihe River is 1.09‰ and of the north is 1.33‰. The slop increases from Chengtougu （1.21‰） to Dashentang （1.58‰） section. Based on tide observation data, the width of tidal zone were obtained and the results show that the widest one is Yongdingxinhe tidal zone, 1730～1810m, and the narrowest one is Dashentang tidal zone, 1900～1160m. The slop of the tidal zone increases and the width of the tidal zone become narrow from 1980s to now. Furthermore, the elevation of the interface between anthropogenic coastline and the natural tidal zone were lower than mean high water level, which reveals a situation that the artificial constructions are influenced by sea water directly now. This paper presents that the coastal embankment has really become the only barrier protecting the urban safety, so further heightening, strengthening coastal defense facility, upgrading prevention level is necessary.

关 键 词：潮间带 高程 潮位 城市安全 天津滨海新区 

分 类 号：P736[天文地球—海洋地质] X145[天文地球—海洋科学]