人下颌骨枪弹伤有限元仿真及致伤生物力学变化研究  

Simulation and biomechanical evaluation on gunshot wound in human mandible by finite element method

作　　者：鄢兰元[1] 陈渝斌[2] 张纲[1] 缪莹赟[3] 谭立文[4] 谭颖徽[1] 

机构地区：[1]第三军医大学附属新桥医院口腔科,重庆400037 [2]第三军医大学附属大坪医院野战外科研究所口腔科 [3]重庆大学传动实验室 [4]第三军医大学基础医学部人体解剖学教研室

出　　处：《实用口腔医学杂志》2010年第3期388-392,共5页Journal of Practical Stomatology

基　　金：军队"十一五"医学科研基金资助项目(编号:08G083;06Z045)

摘　　要：目的:建立人下颌骨三维有限元模型,动态仿真不同入射角度子弹侵彻下颌骨三维模型过程,探讨下颌骨枪弹伤的生物力学变化。方法:将中国数字化可视人体下颌骨数据通过Mimics软件进行三维实体重建,建立人下颌骨三维有限元模型,在LS-DYNA软件中模拟7.62mm弹丸以不同入射角度致伤下颌骨过程,分析致伤过程中下颌骨生物力学参数变化。结果:(1)建立人下颌骨枪弹伤三维有限元模型,成功模拟不同入射角度7.62mm弹丸下颌骨的致伤过程;(2)子弹以90°、67.5°入射下颌角时,下颌骨的最大应力位于非撞击侧的下颌角内侧面;而子弹以45°入射下颌角时,下颌骨的最大应力位于撞击侧的下颌角外侧面;(3)下颌骨损伤过程中应力主要集中在下颌角、下颌升支、颏部、髁突颈部,并依次减小。结论:有限元仿真可动态模拟人下颌骨弹丸致伤过程,人下颌骨枪弹伤的生物力学特点是压力波造成各部分应力改变会在下颌角、下颌升支、颏部、髁突颈部等薄弱区域集中,出现传导改变和传导中断,形成较强大的应力梯度。Objective：To build a 3-dimensional finite element（3D FE）human mandible model and to investigate biomechanical changes of gunshot wound in human mandible by simulating the dynamic procedure of bullet damage to the mandible from different angles.Methods：The DICOM data obtained from CT scanning of Chinese digitized visible female was remerged into a 3D FE model through Mimics and ANSA software,then a simulation of the 3D FE model penetrated by a 7.62 mm bullet was carried out through LS-DYNA software from different angles and biomechanical parameters of mandible were analyzed.Results：（1）A 3D FE model of human mandible was established,and the dynamic process of a 7.62 mm bullet damage to the model was successfully simulated;（2）There was higher stress at the outside of contralateral angle under the impact to angle from 90,67.5 degree while at the side of angle from 45 degree;（3）The stress changes aggregated at the angle,ramus,chin and condyle of the mandible during the impact to angle and their degree minished in order.Conclusion：The procedure of bullet damage to the mandible can be simulated by the finite element model.The stress changes caused by pressure wave may aggregate at the angle,ramus,chin and condyle of the mandible,result in change or destruction of conduction and form strong stress gradient.

关 键 词：枪弹伤 下颌骨 有限元 仿真模拟 生物力学 

分 类 号：R782.4[医药卫生—口腔医学]