基于GIS查询的生态重建模式构建及其成本效益分析——以贵州省猫跳河流域为例  

Establishment of Ecological Rehabilitation Based on GIS and Analysis of Its Cost and Benefit-A Case Study of Maotiao River Watershed,Guizhou Province

作　　者：许月卿[1] 周东[1] 冯艳[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国农业大学资源与环境学院土地资源管理系,北京100193

出　　处：《水土保持研究》2010年第3期189-195,共7页Research of Soil and Water Conservation

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目"西南喀斯特山区不同土地利用格局下的土壤侵蚀经济损失评估"(40701091)

摘　　要：我国西南喀斯特山区地形破碎,土层瘠薄,生态环境非常脆弱,通过社会投入对退化土地进行生态重建是实现生态、经济和社会可持续发展的必然途径。以贵州省猫跳河流域为案例区,以蓄水、治土、造林为核心,将生物、工程、技术措施相结合,在GIS技术支持下,通过对研究区土壤侵蚀状况及社会经济条件的查询,得到不同治理措施的面积及空间分布情况。各种治理措施面积为98232hm2,占研究区面积的31.52%。其中封禁治理占治理总面积的28.1%,荒山造林占治理总面积的16.4%,退耕还林还草占治理总面积的6.78%,6°～25°坡耕地治理占治理总面积的48.72%。在此基础上,分析了各种治理措施的成本和效益,探讨了重建模式的可行性,为指导当地生态重建和实现土地资源可持续利用提供科学依据。Owing to the extremely poor soil cover and fragmentized terrain and physiognomy,the geological environment in the karst region of southwestern China is extremely fragile. It is necessary for ecological rehabilitation to achieve ecological,economic and social sustainable development through social investment. Taking Maotiao River watershed as a case study,with water,governance territory,afforestation as the core,combined biological,engineering,technical measures,the area and spatial distribution of different ecological rehabilitation were achieved through inquiring about the soil erosion and social-economic condition with a GIS environment in the study area. The total area with control measures amounts to 98 232 hm^2,acounting for 31.52% of the study area. Among the total area with control measures,closing hillside for erosion conservation accounts for 28.1%,afforestation on barren mountains accounts for 16.4%,farmland returning to forest and grassland accounts for 6.78%,and slope cultivated land with 6°～25° accounts for 48.72%. In addition,the cost and benefit of ecological rehabilitation were analyzed. This paper provides a scientific basis for ecological rehabilitation and sustainable use of land resource of the study area.

关 键 词：生态重建 成本效益 GIS 空间查询 贵州猫跳河流域 

分 类 号：X171.1[环境科学与工程—环境科学] TP79[自动化与计算机技术—检测技术与自动化装置]