北部湾白龙半岛邻近海域污损生物生态研究  

An ecological study on fouling in the waters off the Bailong Peninsula in the Beibu Gulf

作　　者：李恒翔[1,2] 严岩[1] 何伟宏[3] 邹晓理[3] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院南海海洋研究所海洋生物资源可持续利用重点实验室,广东广州510301 [2]中国科学院研究生院,北京10039 [3]中国科学院南海海洋研究所海洋环境工程中心,广东广州510301

出　　处：《热带海洋学报》2010年第3期108-113,共6页Journal of Tropical Oceanography

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(30671612);国家青年自然科学基金(40806057)

摘　　要：2006年3月至2007年2月在北部湾白龙半岛邻近海域进行周年污损生物挂板试验,并调查该海域码头和养殖网箱的污损生物状况。调查结果表明:该海域污损生物群落呈现明显的亚热带港湾污损生物生态特点。调查记录污损生物共82种,其中优势种为网纹藤壶Balanus reticulatus、有孔右旋虫Dexiosprira foraminosus、左旋虫Spirorbis papillatus、多室草苔虫Bugula neritina、大室膜孔苔虫Membranipora grandicella、美丽琥珀苔虫Electra tenella、缘齿牡蛎Dendostrea crenulifera、冠瘤海鞘Styela canopus和翡翠贻贝Perna viridis。生物全年附着,2006年5—10月为附着高峰期。北部湾白龙邻近海域的月板、季板和年板平均附着生物量分别为200.54、2 550.37和15 121.67g.m-2,均比大亚湾和湛江港的低,而比清澜港和北部湾涠州岛的高。码头附着生物呈明显的垂直分带现象:高潮带为滨螺区,中潮带为牡蛎—笠藤壶分布带,低潮带主要为藻类。在调查的基础上,还针对海洋工程、海水养殖和河口生态环境保护给出不同的防污建议。An annual panel test on fouling organisms was carried out in the waters off the Bailong Peninsula in the Beibu Gulf from March 2006 to February 2007. The fouling organisms from the wharf and the cultured cages during the same time were also investigated. The biofouling in this area reflected distinct characteristics of subtropical harbors. A total of 82 fouling or- ganism species were recorded, among which Balanus reticulates, Dexiosprira foraminosus, Spirorbis papillatus, Bugula neritina, Membranipora grandicella, Styela canopus, Electra tenella, Perna viridis and Dendostrea crenulifera were dominant species. Bioattachment occurred throughout the year, but the main period of settlement extended from May to October of 2006. The mean biomass of fouling organisms on the monthly, seasonal, and annual test panels were 200.54, 2 550.37 and 15 121.67g＇m-2, respectively, in the waters off the Bailong Peninsula, which were lower than those in the waters of the Daya Bay and Zhanjiang Harbor, but higher than those in the waters of the Qinglan Harbor and off the Weizhou Island. The attach- ments of fouling were greatly different in each tidal zone of the Bailong Wharf, with the dominant species Littorina scabra and Nodilittorina radiate on high tidal zone, Ostrea glomerata, Saccostrea echinata, Saccostrea cucullata and Tetreclita squamosa on middle tidal zone, and algae on low tidal zone. Different suggestions on biocontrol are given in the present study for protecting the artificial structures, marieulture, and estuarine ecology in the Bailong waters.

关 键 词：北部湾 白龙半岛 污损生物 生态学 生物防除 

分 类 号：P735.12[天文地球—海洋生物学]