基于水培毒性测试的砷对19种常见蔬菜的毒性  

ARSENIC TOXICITY TO NINETEEN VEGETABLE SPECIES IN SOLUTION CULTURE

作　　者：丁枫华[1,2] 刘术新[3] 罗丹[1] 王果[1] 张娟 

机构地区：[1]福建农林大学资源与环境学院,福州350002 [2]丽水学院,丽水323000 [3]丽水职业技术学院,丽水323000

出　　处：《环境化学》2010年第3期439-443,共5页Environmental Chemistry

基　　金：中央环保专项基金(财建[2007]661号);浙江省教育厅科研项目(20070551)资助

摘　　要：通过水培苗期毒性试验,研究了8个科19种常见蔬菜幼苗在砷胁迫下生长性状敏感性的差异.结果表明,砷对大部分蔬菜的影响存在一个较低浓度(0.1和1.0mg.l-1)的刺激效应和高浓度(10.0mg.l-1以上)的抑制效应.砷对蔬菜地上部生物量的影响普遍较根部明显.蔬菜地上部鲜重对砷胁迫相对敏感,性状稳定,可作为蔬菜对砷敏感性的筛选指标.不同种类蔬菜EC20值的变化范围为0.20—42.87mg.l-1.根据表观症状和EC20对蔬菜砷敏感性分别进行分类,两种分类结果基本一致.黄瓜、红豇豆、苋菜、辣椒、茄子确定为砷敏感蔬菜,可以作为确定土壤和植物中砷的毒害临界值的基础生态受体.Arsenic toxicity to 19 kinds of common vegetables was studied in nutrient solution with different arsenic concentrations.The results showed that there was a stimulating effect at low levels of arsenic application（0.1 or 1.0 mg·l-1）and an inhibitory effect at high level of arsenic application（above 10.0 mg·l-1）for most of the vegetables.The effect of arsenic on shoot biomass was more obvious than that of root.Therefore,shoot fresh weight was selected to be the indicator of vegetable＇s sensitivity to arsenic since it was the most sensitive to arsenic stress compared to other parameters.EC20 values of different types of vegetables ranged from 0.20 to 42.87 mg·l-1.The arsenic sensitivity of the vegetables are classified into two categories according to the apparent symptoms and EC20 values,respectively.Red bean,amaranth,peppers and eggplant are sensitive vegetables,that can be used as ecological receptors to determine the critical value of arsenic toxicity in soil and plants.

关 键 词：砷 蔬菜 敏感性 EC20 

分 类 号：X173[环境科学与工程—环境科学]