基于双解析模型的故障隔离与估计方案及应用  

Scheme and application of dual analytic model based fault isolation and estimation

作　　者：周军[1] 张如飞[1] 于晓洲[1] 

机构地区：[1]西北工业大学精确制导与控制研究所,西安710072

出　　处：《仪器仪表学报》2010年第5期1017-1022,共6页Chinese Journal of Scientific Instrument

基　　金：教育部博士点基金(20070699004);航天基金(53103-0200-N7CH006)资助项目

摘　　要：系统分析了基于观测器的故障检测与隔离方法存在的问题,创新性提出了一种基于标称模型和未知输入观测器的故障诊断方案—双解析方案。它从故障观测而非状态估计的角度设计未知输入观测器,并根据未知输入观测器与标称系统之间的状态误差修正并替换未知输入观测器的状态估计误差,从而构成实际可行的故障隔离与估计的解析表达式。该方案应用于三轴稳定卫星执行器/敏感器故障诊断,仿真设置的五种飞轮/陀螺组合故障均被准确隔离及估计,表明了该方案的有效性。从设计及应用过程可以看出,双解析方案设计简单、无存在性条件约束,有效拓展了基于观测器故障诊断的应用范围及深度。Existent problem of observer based fault detection and isolation is analyzed systemically, and a novel scheme for fault diagnosis is originated based on nominal model and unknown input observer （UIO）, which is called dual analytic scheme. The scheme designs UIO from the viewpoint of observing faults instead of estimating states, and then uses the state error between nominal model and UIO to modify and substitute the state estimation error of UIO, so as to establish feasible and practical analytic expression for fault isolation and estimation. The scheme was applied to the fault diagnosis of a three-axis stabilized satellite actuators/sensors, and five simulated reaction wheel/gyro composite faults were isolated and estimated correctly, which demonstrates the efficacy of the dual analytic scheme. Also, it can be seen from the design and application of the scheme that the design of the scheme is simple and has no existence limitation, which effectively extends the application range and depth of observer based fault diagnosis.

关 键 词：标称系统 观测器 双解析方案 三轴稳定卫星 故障隔离与估计 

分 类 号：TP206[自动化与计算机技术—检测技术与自动化装置] V448.2[自动化与计算机技术—控制科学与工程]