乌江洪家渡水库鱼体汞含量  

Mercury concentration in fish body in Hongjiadu Reservoir of Guizhou Province

作　　者：姚珩[1,2] 冯新斌[1] 闫海鱼[1] 仇广乐[1] 商立海[1] 侍文芳[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院地球化学研究所环境地球化学国家重点实验室,贵阳550002 [2]中国科学院研究生院,北京100049

出　　处：《生态学杂志》2010年第6期1155-1160,共6页Chinese Journal of Ecology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(40532014);中国科学院知识创新工程重要方向资助项目(KZCX3SW-443)

摘　　要：测定了贵州省乌江流域新建的洪家渡水库中的8种124尾鱼类的总汞和甲基汞含量,探讨其变化趋势及可能产生的生态风险。总汞采用混合酸消解用冷原子荧光(CVAFS)测定,甲基汞的测定采用碱消解-水相乙基化结合气相色谱(GC)冷原子荧光(CVAFS)测定。结果表明,总汞和甲基汞含量均为肉食性鱼类>杂食性鱼类,鱼体汞含量与它们的生态学特性(食物来源和生活习性)有关,与体重和体长无显著相关关系;鱼体总汞和甲基汞含量均值分别为0.063±0.046和0.028±0.019mg.kg-1,均远低于大部分研究报道的新建水库中鱼体汞含量(>0.50mg.kg-1)。洪家渡水库鱼类由于在低汞环境中,导致甲基汞不易富集,其鱼体甲基汞和总汞含量并未急剧增加,显著不同于北美和欧洲等地区新建水库中鱼体汞含量升高的现象,但随着水库演化导致水库有机质增加可能使鱼体汞逐步上升。Aimed to approach the possible ecological risk of fish mercury from Hongjiadu Reservoir, a newly built reservoir located in Wujiang River Basin of Guizhou Province, a total of 124 fishes belonging to 8 species were collected, with their total mercury（THg） and total methylmercury （TMeHg） concentrations measured. The THg was measured with cold vapor atomic fluorescence spectrometry （ CVAFS）, and the TMeHg was analyzed by digesting the samples with 20% KOH, GC separation, and CVAFS detection. The results showed that carnivorous species had higher THg and TMeHg concentrations than omnivorous species. The average concentrations of THg and TMeHg in the fishes were 0. 063 ±0. 046 mg · kg^-1 and 0. 028±0. 019 mg·kg^-1 , respectively. There were no significant linear relationships between the THg and MeHg concentrations and fish body length or weight. The Hg concentrations in fish body were related to the feeding habits and habitat preference of the fishes. The Hg concentrations in Hongjiadu Reservoir were lower than those in the newly built reservoirs in North America and Europe. Our results suggested that the TMeHg and THg concentrations in the fishes in Hongjiadu Reservoir did not have a dramatic increase, but with the ew）lvement of the newly built reservoir, the MeHg concentrations in the fishes could be increased gradually due to the increase of organic matter concentration in the reservoir.

关 键 词：鱼 总汞 甲基汞 洪家渡水库 

分 类 号：X174[环境科学与工程—环境科学]