垄沟种植对土壤水分变化及夏玉米生育的影响  

Effects of Ridge and Furrow Planting on Soil Moisture Variation and Growth in Summer Maize

作　　者：李亚贞[1] 焦念元[1] 尹飞[1] 郭书亚[1] 王振华[2] 张新[2] 张前进[2] 焦万松 付国占[1] 

机构地区：[1]河南科技大学农学院,河南洛阳471003 [2]河南省农业科学院,郑州450003 [3]洛阳市涧西区农业局,河南洛阳471003

出　　处：《中国农学通报》2010年第13期140-143,共4页Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin

基　　金：国家科技支撑粮食丰产工程项目"豫南雨养区小麦玉米两熟丰产高效技术集成研究与示范"(2006BAD02A07-3);河南省教育厅科技攻关项目"小麦-玉米两熟一体化农艺调控生理节水高产理论与技术研究与应用"(2009A210004)

摘　　要：为探讨华北地区夏玉米垄沟种植效果和适宜种植方式,在大田条件下研究了小麦收获后起垄沟播、垄作和平作3种种植方式对土壤含水量动态变化和玉米叶片水势、叶面积、干物质积累特性和产量的影响。结果表明,沟播处理土壤含水量明显高于垄作和平作,全生育期平均0～100cm土层沟播比垄作和平作分别高2.00%和5.40%。沟播分别比垄作和平作开花期平均叶片水势高26.99%和30.54%,全生育期平均叶面积系数高5.43%和13.83%、干物质积累增加4.03%和19.49%,最终籽粒产量分别比垄作和平作高3.81%和11.62%,差异极显著。In order to study the effects of ridge and furrow planting on summer maize production in North China, field experiments of three planting patterns of ridge planting, furrow planting and flat planting were designed to investigate the influence of different treatments on soil moisture variation, leaf water potential, leaf area, dry matter accumulation, grain yield of maize. The results showed that furrow planting was significantly higher than ridge planting treatment and flat planting treatment in soil moisture. On soil layer of 0-100 cm, the soil moisture average value of furrow planting treatment increased by 2.00% and 5.40% than ridge planting treatment and flat planting treatment respectively. Compared with ridge planting treatment and flat planting treatment, the furrow planting treatment was 26.99% and 30.54% higher in average leaf water potential of flowering, 5.43% and 13.83% higher in average leaf area index of whole growth stage, 4.03% and 19.49% higher in dry matter accumulation. The grain yield of furrow planting treatment increased by 3.81% and 11.62% than ridge planting and flat planting treatment respectively, the difference was extremely significant.

关 键 词：垄作 沟播 夏玉米 土壤含水量 生育 

分 类 号：S152.7[农业科学—土壤学] S513[农业科学—农业基础科学]