相衬显微镜衬比的分析  

ANALYSIS OF CONTRAST OF PHASE CONTRAST MICROSCOPE

作　　者：刘晓元[1] 龙兴武[1] 黄云[1] 周宁平 高伯龙[1] 

机构地区：[1]国防科技大学应用物理系

出　　处：《光子学报》1999年第1期84-87,共4页Acta Photonica Sinica

摘　　要：本文详细讨论了制约相衬显微镜衬比的各种因素，并针对不同的被观察样本提出了合适的观察方法．首先，叙述了相衬显微镜和暗场显微镜的基本原理，并根据观察时的实际情况，定义了衬比Ｆｃ．然后，分纯相位物体和既有振幅变化又有相位变化的物体两种情况，对影响衬比的各种因素进行了详细讨论，得出了相衬显微镜的衬比最大的条件，并比较了各种条件下相衬显微镜和暗场显微镜的灵敏度，从中得出：在观察弱纯相位变化的物体时，相衬显微镜要比暗场显微镜有效些；在观察既有振幅变化又有相位变化的物体时，相衬显微镜和暗场显微镜要比明场显微镜有效些，但视场中的光强变化已是物体的振幅变化和相位变化的混合效应，而不能单独反映出相位变化．This paper discusses all factors restraining the contrast of phase contrast microscope in detail,and puts forward suitable observing means for different sample.At the first,it states the fundamental principles of phase contrast microscope and dark field microscope,and defines the contrast F c in accordance with practicality in observation.Then,the author discusses all factors restraining the contrast of phase contrast microscope and dark field microscope for sample with variance in phase and sample with variance in oscillation and phase,finds the condition in which the contrast of phase contrast microscope is maximum.The author also compares the sensitivity of phasecontrast microscope with that of dark field microscope in all conditions,and derives that phase contrast microscope is more suitable than dark field microscope observing sample only with little variance of phase,and phase contrast microscope and dark field microscope are more suitable than bright field microscope observing sample with variance of phase and oscillation but in this situation light intensity is effect of variance of phase and oscillation.

关 键 词：显微镜 相衬显微镜 衬比 

分 类 号：TH742[机械工程—光学工程]