维汉大中学生主观幸福感的跨文化研究  

A Cross-Cultural Research on Subjective Well-being Among Han and Uygur College and Middle School Students

作　　者：杨俊敏[1] 田玲[1] 王洪蕾[1] 刘跃峰[1] 

机构地区：[1]新疆师范大学体育学院,新疆乌鲁木齐830054

出　　处：《新疆师范大学学报（自然科学版）》2010年第2期34-40,共7页Journal of Xinjiang Normal University(Natural Sciences Edition)

基　　金：新疆维吾尔自治区教育科学"十一五"规划重点课题(070506);中央与地方共建高校特色优势学科实验室;新疆师范大学重点实验室资助项目

摘　　要：目的:研究维汉大中学生在主观幸福感上的差异,对主观幸福感进行跨文化的验证。方法:分层随机抽样3000名维汉大中学生作为研究对象,通过总体幸福感量表(GWB)进行调查,量表由33项构成,除了评定主观幸福感,本量表还通过将其内容组成6个分量表从而对幸福感的6个因子进行评分。这6个因子是:①对健康的担心;②精力;③对生活的满足和兴趣;④忧郁或愉快的心境;⑤对情感和行为的控制;⑥松弛与紧张(焦虑)。结果:获得有效问卷2547份。维汉民族比较,在GWB及其六个因子得分上,均有民族差异;在GWB得分上,男生高于女生差异具显著性(P<0.05);ANOVA分析随着年级的升高主观幸福感及其六个因子的得分有逐渐降低的趋势,但无显著性差异;在GWB及6个因子上,城市学生都高于乡村学生。This research aims to （1）probe into the diversity of the subjective well--being among Han and Uygur college and middle school students; （2）verify the subjective well--being from the perspective of cross--culture. Methods. With stratified sampling method, 3000 students were selected randomly from Han and Uygur College and middle school students as the subjects. The subjects were surveyed with General Well--Being Schedule, which consists of 6 sub--schedules, 33 items altogether to evaluate subjective well--being as well as 6 factors of well--being： （1）the worry about health; （2）energy; （3）feeling of satisfaction with and interest in life; （4）bad mood or good mood;（5）controls over emotion and deeds; （6）relaxation and agitation. This research is conducted from the perspective of cross--culture, adopts various statistical methods to analyze the diversity of subjective well--being among Han and Uygur College and middle school students. Also, the variation significance tests are carried out to examine the variation caused by age, grade and differences between urban area and rural area. All the schedules are required to he finished in 15 minutes and collected on the spot. Results：2547 valid questionnaires were collected. The comparison between Han and Uygur students indicates that there is ethnic difference in GWB and the 6 factors. As far as the score of GWB itself is concerned, the scores of male students are higher than female students＇, and the variation is significant （P〈0.05）; ANOVA analysis and Turkey＇s post hoc tests further confirm that with the growing of grade, the scores of the subjects in GWB and the 6 factors are declining gradually, but the variation is not significant; as to the comparison between the urban subjects and the rural subjects, the scores of urban subjects are higher than the rural subjects in GWB and the6 factors. Conclusion：There exists an ethnic diversity in the subjective well--being, with tendency of Han students＇ higher than Uygur student

关 键 词：维汉大中学生 主观幸福感 跨文化 

分 类 号：G804.5[文化科学—运动人体科学]