社区高血压患者健康教育效果观察  

Effect Evaluation of Community-based Health Education on Patients with Hypertension

作　　者：周薇[1] 周琦[1] 李道逸[2] 陈志英[1] 廖俊廉[1] 黄清[1] 江育萍[1] 

机构地区：[1]广西中医学院护理学院,广西南宁530022 [2]南宁市疾病预防控制中心,广西南宁530011

出　　处：《护理学报》2010年第11期71-73,共3页Journal of Nursing（China）

基　　金：广西壮族自治区卫生厅2007年立项课题(Z2007136)

摘　　要：目的评价健康教育对社区高血压人群的干预效果。方法针对社区224名高血压患者开展宣传高血压的基本知识;改善生活方式包括戒烟、减轻体质量、减少过多的酒精摄入、加强锻炼、减少盐的摄入量、多吃水果和蔬菜;提倡坚持测血压、坚持合理用药等健康教育综合干预措施。结果经过1年的健康教育综合干预后,高血压患者平均收缩压下降3.67mmHg(P<0.05);在防治高血压等方面的知识、态度、行为均较干预前明显改善(P<0.05);在行为危险因素方面,其中加强锻炼、增加水果和蔬菜的摄入量取得较好的干预效果(P<0.05),其余行为危险因素的改善不明显。结论社区高血压综合干预对改善患者行为、改变部分不良生活方式、降低血压是有效的和可行的,但某些不良生活方式(如吸烟、盐摄入过多等)在短期内很难纠正,提示社区健康教育工作需要居委会、社区医院及居民的共同配合,从多方面、多途径长期不懈地坚持下去,以保证健康教育活动的有效性和持续性。Objective To evaluate the effect of community-based health education on patients with hypertension. Methods Comprehensive interventions such as promoting basic knowledge of hypertension, improving lifestyle including smoking cessation, diet, reducing excessive alcohol intake, exercise, reducing salt intake, eat more fruits and vegetables, persisting measuring blood pressure, adhering to medication on patients with hypertension were carried out. Results After one year of community comprehensive interventions on hypertension, average systolic blood pressure decreased 3.67 mmHg （P〈0.05）, related knowledge, attitude and behaviors of hypertensive patients were improved than those before the intervention（P〈0.05）. In behavioral interventions, strengthen training, increasing intake of fruits and vegetables improved greatly （P〈0.05）. Other risk factors of behavior were not obvious improved. Conclusion Community comprehensive intervention on hypertension is effective and feasible for patients with knowledge, attitude and behaviors, changing some unhealthy lifestyle, decreasing blood pressure. However, some unhealthy lifestyle （such as smoking, excessive salt intake, etc.） will remain in the short term. Community-based health education on hypertension is in need of neighborhood, community hospitals and residents together to ensure wide-ranging, multi-channel, long-term effectiveness and sustainability in health education on hypertension.

关 键 词：社区 高血压 健康教育 

分 类 号：R473.2[医药卫生—护理学]