促芽肥施用时期对不同源库类型杂交中稻再生力的影响  

Effects of the Time of N Application for Bud Development on the Ratooning Ability of Mid-season Rice Hybrids with Different Source-sink Structure

作　　者：徐富贤[1] 熊洪[1] 朱永川[1] 张林[1] 郭晓艺[1] 刘茂[1] 

机构地区：[1]四川省农业科学院水稻高粱研究所,四川泸州646000

出　　处：《杂交水稻》2010年第3期57-63,99,共8页Hybrid Rice

基　　金：四川省青年基金会农业科技成果转化资金(2006GB2F000256);四川省青年基金(04ZQ026-006);农业部农业结构调整重大技术研究专项(2004-01-06B);四川省水稻育种攻关项目;泸州市农业科技项目

摘　　要：以25个杂交中稻组合为材料,通过促芽肥施用时期与剪穗、剪叶处理,研究了促芽肥施用时期对不同源库类型杂交中稻再生力的影响。结果表明,杂交中稻组合间的再生力存在显著差异;施促芽肥无论早施还是迟施都会显著提高再生稻产量,而且早施比迟施的增产效果好,每穗着粒数越高的组合增产效果越好。其原因在于,头季稻杂交组合间每穗着粒数与齐穗期的叶粒比和茎粒比均呈极显著负相关,以致头季稻每穗着粒数越多,其满足头季稻高产后剩余的光合产物量越少,头季稻齐穗后15d再生芽的死亡也越多,施促芽肥补充营养的时期就应更早。每穗着粒数超过163粒的中、大穗型组合,促芽肥以头季稻齐穗期施用为佳;每穗着粒数少于163粒的小穗型组合,头季稻齐穗期至齐穗后15d均可以施促芽肥。With 25 mid-season hybrid rice combinations as the materials,the effects of the time of N application for bud development（NABD）were studied on the ratooning ability of mid-season hybrid rice with different source-sink structure through the treatments of different applying stages and ear or leaf removing.The results showed that there was a significant difference in ratooning ability among the tested rice hybrids and NABD,whether early or late,greatly increased the grain yield of ratooning rice.Moreover,early NABD had a better effect on yield increase than late NABD,and NABD had a larger impact on yield increase in the hybrids with more spikelets per panicle than in those with fewer spikelets per panicle.The reason was that there existed very significant negative correlations of the number of spikelets per panicle to leaf-grain ratio and stem-grain ratio at full heading stage,which means more spikelets per panicle will result in less photosynthetic matter remained in stems after feeding main crop and more axillary buds will die within 15 days after full heading stage,thus an earlier NABD is needed for nutrient supply.It was found that the suitable time for NABD was the full heading stage for big-sized hybrids with more than 163 spikelets per panicle but from the full heading stage to 15 days after full heading stage for small-sized hybrids with less than 163 spikelets per panicle.

关 键 词：杂交中稻 源库结构 再生力 促芽肥 施用时期 

分 类 号：S511.062[农业科学—作物学] Q945.39[生物学—植物学]