权力的自我节制:对老子哲学的一种解读  

The Self-restraint of Power:An Interpretation of Laozi’s Philosophy

作　　者：王博[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京大学哲学系

出　　处：《哲学研究》2010年第6期45-55,共11页Philosophical Research

摘　　要：Fundamentally,Laozi’s philosophy is a philosophy of power and contains reflections on the origin,role,and restraint of power. Accordingly,a series of important concepts in his philosophy,such as Dao(道),De(德),Wuwei(无为),Ziran(自然)can be sensibly and appropriately understood only in regard to the power. For instance,Laozi’s Dao and De are actually the Dao and De of a king, which focus on the understanding and use of power. The cosmological Dao simply provides a paradigm for the king in this world to model on,and the relationship between Dao and things lays the foundation for that between king and common people. Laozi’s basic idea concerning the use of power is Rouruo (柔弱),which manifests in the Wuwei of the king and the Ziran of the common people. Wuwei is essentially the self restraint of power and requires the king not to force his own will upon the common people and the world. Under these circumstances,the common people can have larger living space, which is actually the core of the conception of Ziran. Different from the emphasis on love in Confucianism,Laozi’s philosophy exhibits a greater spirit of tolerance.Fundamentally,Laozi’s philosophy is a philosophy of power and contains reflections on the origin,role,and restraint of power. Accordingly,a series of important concepts in his philosophy,such as Dao(道),De(德),Wuwei(无为),Ziran(自然)can be sensibly and appropriately understood only in regard to the power. For instance,Laozi’s Dao and De are actually the Dao and De of a king, which focus on the understanding and use of power. The cosmological Dao simply provides a paradigm for the king in this world to model on,and the relationship between Dao and things lays the foundation for that between king and common people. Laozi’s basic idea concerning the use of power is Rouruo (柔弱),which manifests in the Wuwei of the king and the Ziran of the common people. Wuwei is essentially the self restraint of power and requires the king not to force his own will upon the common people and the world. Under these circumstances,the common people can have larger living space, which is actually the core of the conception of Ziran. Different from the emphasis on love in Confucianism,Laozi’s philosophy exhibits a greater spirit of tolerance.

关 键 词：老子哲学 自我节制 解读 权力 政治哲学家 哲学角度 思想史 道家 

分 类 号：B223.1[哲学宗教—中国哲学]