安徽省两地人群盲和低视力及眼病的流行病学抽样调查(一)  

Epidemiological sampling survey on blindness and low vision in two locations of Anhui

作　　者：顾永昊[1] 温跃春[1] 梁莉[1] 王林[1] 

机构地区：[1]安徽省立医院眼科,安徽省防盲技术指导中心,合肥230001

出　　处：《实用防盲技术》2010年第1期24-31,共8页Journal of Practical Preventing Blind

摘　　要：目的方法结果结论对安徽省两地人群盲和低视力及眼病的流行病学情况进行抽样调查。选择阜阳市颍州区和宣城市绩溪县,采用随机整体抽样方法,对所属居民进行眼部及其他情况的调查。两地的受检人数和受检率分别为3336人(91.40%)和3602人(92.10%),达到抽样调查要求;两地双眼盲、单眼盲、双眼低视力和单眼低视力的患病率分别为1.05%和0.69%、1.71%和1.25%、1.02%和0.97%、0.87%和0.89%;两地盲和低视力的主要原因分别为:白内障、弱视、青光眼和白内障、眼球萎缩/缺如、青光眼;两地主要眼病都为:屈光不正、白内障、翼状胬肉和沙眼;两地的白内障手术率分别为600和278。据不完全资料估计我省盲和低视力的患病率远高于全国平均水平,盲和低视力的高发人群为50岁以上老年人,女性,孤寡,文盲,低收入者,白内障仍是最主要致盲原因,屈光不正/弱视已日益成为影响人民特别是青少年视力的最主要因素,广泛宣传正确用眼方式,推广青少年正确验光配镜方法,提高相关人员验光配镜水平对于有效降低弱视致残率至关重要。Objective To investigate the epidemiological condition of blindness and low vision in two locations of Anhui.Methods Yingzhou District of Fuyang and Jixi County of Xuancheng were chosen.Ocular signs and other conditions of citizen in two locations were surveyed.Results Ratios of surveying in two locations were 91.4% and 92.10%, which met the standard.Prevalence of binocular blindness, unilateral blindness, binocular low vision, unilateral low vision in two locations were 1.05% and 0.69%, 1.71% and 1.25%, 1.02% and 0.97%, 0.87% and 0.89%, respectively.Main reasons for blindness and low vision in two locations were cataract, amblyopia, glaucoma and cataract, eyeball atrophy, glaucoma.Main ocular diseases in two locations were both ametropia, cataract, pterygium, Chlamydia.Cataract Surgery Rate in two locations were 600 and 278.Conclusions Based on incomplete data, prevalence of blindness and low vision in Anhui Province were higher than average Level of China.High risk group was people older than 50, female, widows and orphans, illiteracy, low-income.Cataract is still the most important reason for blindness and low vision.Ametropia is commonest ocular disease, especially for adolescent.

关 键 词：盲 低视力 眼病 流行病学抽样调查 安徽省 

分 类 号：R77[医药卫生—眼科] R181.3[医药卫生—临床医学]