1962年至2006年中国西北区与季风区春季气温变化特征对比  

Characteristics of Changes in Spring Temperature over the Northwest Arid Region and East Monsoon Region during Recently 45 Years in China

作　　者：黄斌[1,2] 王劲松[1] 张洪芬 

机构地区：[1]中国气象局兰州干旱气象研究所甘肃省干旱气候变化与减灾重点实验室,中国气象局干旱气候变化与减灾重点开放实验室,兰州730020 [2]甘肃省庆阳市气象局,庆阳745000

出　　处：《资源科学》2010年第6期1082-1087,共6页Resources Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(编号:40775057)

摘　　要：本文利用1962年-2006年我国西北地区138个站点和东部季风区377个站点春季平均气温资料,采用EOF分解、一阶线性函数和相关性检验等方法,对西北干旱区和东部季风区春季气温的时间变化和空间异常分布特征进行了对比分析,并从大气环流和海洋热力作用等方面对两个区域春季气温变化的异同点进行了探讨。结果表明:近45年来,西北干旱区和东部季风区春季平均气温以升高趋势为主,西北干旱区春季气温变化年际间振幅大于东部季风区;总体的升温趋势以东部季风区较强为主;同时两个区域存在明显的周期差异,使西北区升温在时间尺度上较季风区略偏迟,两个区域都存在升温的敏感区,从而影响着两个区域春季气温的整体变化特征。The authors used spring average temperatures at 138 stations in the northwest arid region and that at 377 stations in the eastern monsoon region in China during the period 1962 to 2006 to analyze and compare spatial and temporal variations in temperature in spring using the empirical orthogonal function （EOF） decomposition.The first-order linear function and relevant test methods were also performed on the regions.The similarities and differences in the temperature changes between the two regions were discussed.Results showed that spring temperature has a strong similarity of interdecadal change characteristics in the two regions.First,it went through a cooling phase and then sustained a warming phase since the 1960s.The difference is that it showed a cooling trend from the 1960s,suggesting the lowest temperature in the mid-1970s.Then it became warm in the eastern monsoon regions.The cooling trend continued until the early 1980s,followed by an increase in temperature.It was noted that the warming trend in the northwest arid region was later than the eastern monsoon region.During the recent 45 years,the negative anomaly value of the lowest temperature of -1.4 ℃ appeared in 1970,and the highest positive anomaly of 2.0 ℃ occurred in 1997 in the northwest region.The difference between the highest positive anomaly and the lowest negative anomaly was 3.4 ℃.In the eastern monsoon region,the value of the minimum negative anomaly occurred in the same year as the northwest region in 1970.The negative anomaly was -1.3 ℃.The highest positive anomaly values of year were 1.5 ℃ and 2.8 ℃ for the northwest region in 1998 and 2002,respectively.The temperature warming rate was estimated to be 0.247 ℃/10a in the northwest region and 0.271℃/10a in the eastern monsoon region.The spring average temperature showed a 5a and an 8a inter-annual short-cycle and a 13a and a 21-22a decadal long-cycle mainly occurred in the monsoon region.It had a 4a and an 8a inter-annual short-cycle and a 20-22a decadal long-cycle in the

关 键 词：西北干旱区 东部季风区 气温 变化特征 对比 春季 中国 

分 类 号：P467[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]