血管扩张型骨肉瘤的临床、影像和病理分析  

A cfinical-radiologic-pathologic analysis of telangiectatic osteosarcoma

作　　者：高振华[1] 邓怀福[1] 盂悛非[1] 尹军强[2] 刘大伟[3] 

机构地区：[1]中山大学附属第一医院放射科,广州510080 [2]中山大学附属第一医院骨肿瘤科,广州510080 [3]中山大学附属第一医院病理科,广州510080

出　　处：《中华放射学杂志》2010年第6期645-649,共5页Chinese Journal of Radiology

摘　　要：目的 进一步分析血管扩张型骨肉瘤的临床、影像及病理学的诊断特征和诊断方法,以加深对其认识和提高诊断水平.方法 回顾性分析10例经病理证实的血管扩张型骨肉瘤资料并结合文献深入分析其临床、影像和病理学表现.10例均行X线平片和MR检查,其中2例同时行CT检查.结果 10例血管扩张型骨肉瘤发生于股骨下端5例、股骨颈1例、肱骨上端和胫骨上段各2例.10例X线平片和2例CT 图像上肿瘤表现为溶骨性骨质破坏,伴骨体轻度膨胀4例,骨破坏区大部分边缘不清且无硬化边,均有Codman三角和大小不一的软组织肿块,肿块内无明显肿瘤性成骨;10例MRI上肿瘤大部或完全由多发囊腔构成,均出现骨膜反应,其中7例囊腔内见少量散在的较小液-液平面.10例病理学上肿瘤均有类似动脉瘤样骨囊肿的血腔结构,但囊壁或囊间隔中见恶性肿瘤细胞以及数量不一的肿瘤性成骨组织,其中6例仅见少量灶状的肿瘤性骨样组织.结论 影像学上类似动脉瘤样骨囊肿的表现和一般恶性骨肿瘤生长方式的特点,以及病理上的血腔结构和囊壁或囊间隔内的恶性肿瘤细胞是血管扩张型骨肉瘤的影像和病理学诊断特征.密切结合临床、影像和病理分析有助于临床及时正确诊断.Objective To study the clinical, radiologic and pathologic characteristics and diagnostic methods of telangiectatic osteosarcoma for further improving the diagnostic ability.Methods The data of 10 patients with histologically proved telangiectatic osteosarcomas were retrospectively reviewed, and the clinical, radiologic and pathologic characteristics were further analysed in combination with the literature.All 10 patients were examined with X-ray and MRI, and 2 patients with CT.Results Telangiectatie osteosarcomas originated from inferior femur in 5 patients, femur neck in 1 patients, superior humerus in 2 patients and superior segment of tibia in 2 patients.The lesions showed osteolytic bone destruction on X-ray films （n = 10） and CT images （ n = 2）, with mild bone expansion in 4 patients.The majority of the edge of the destroyed bone areas was unclear but without sclerotic rim.There were Codman＇s triangle and soft tissue mass in each patient but no obvious neoplastic bone forming.On MRI, all the lesions were mostly or completely constituted by the multiple cysts with periostnal reaction, and several scatteredly smaller liquid-liquid levels were found within cystic cavity in 7 patients.In all 10 cases, there were pathologic hemocoele similar to aneurysmal bone cysts （ABC）, but malignant tumor cells and some neoplastic bones were found in cystic walls or septations.Only a small number of neoplastic bone tissue were seen by microscopy in 6 patients.Conclusions The radio-pathologic characteristics of telangiectatic osteosarcoma include the similar imaging findings of ABC, the common growth patterns of malignant tumors,and the pathologic hemocoele, malignant tumor cells within cystic wails or septations.The comprehensive analysis of clinical, radiologic and pathological data may help clinicans to make a correct diagnosis for telangiectatic nsteosareoma.

关 键 词：骨肉瘤 磁共振成像 体层摄影术 X线计算机 病理学 

分 类 号：R738.1[医药卫生—肿瘤]