精神分裂症的共情缺陷及其影响因素  

A study of empathic deficits and its correlative factors in schizophrenic patients

作　　者：张凤凤[1] 汪凯[1] 董毅[1,2] 毕清泉[3] 张志军[2] 杜远[2] 季芳[2] 杨琪[2] 谢思思[2] 

机构地区：[1]安徽医科大学医学心理学系,合肥230032 [2]安徽省精神卫生防治中心 [3]安徽医科大学护理学院

出　　处：《中国神经精神疾病杂志》2010年第5期268-271,共4页Chinese Journal of Nervous and Mental Diseases

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(编号:30670706);安徽省自然科学基金资助项目(编号:2006z035)

摘　　要：目的探讨精神分裂症患者共情缺陷特点及其影响因素。方法采用人际反应指针量表(IRI-C)对208例精神分裂症患者和213名正常对照的共情能力进行评估,同时作艾森克人格问卷(EPQ)、罗森伯格自尊量表(SES)、一般自我效能感量表(GSES)、简易应对方式问卷(SCSQ)、社会支持量表(SSRS)、多伦多述情障碍量表(TAS-20)和阳性与阴性症状量表(PANSS)等评估,分析影响患者共情能力的相关因素。结果与对照组相比,患者组IRI-C总分、观点采择、幻想力和同情关心因子分均明显减低(P<0.01)。患者EPQ的神经质(N)分(r=-0.22)和精神质(P)分(r=-0.18)、TAS因子III分(r=-0.30)、SCSQ积极应对分(r=0.21)、SSRS主观支持分(r=0.16)及GSES分(r=0.21)均与IRI-C总分相关(P<0.05)。以IRI-C总分为因变量的回归分析结果显示,SCSQ积极应对分、EPQ的N分和P分、TAS的因子III得分进入回归模型,标准化回归系数分别为0.28、0.30、-0.18、-0.18。结论精神分裂症患者存在广泛的共情缺陷,患者个性特质及其应对方式对共情能力具有影响。Objective To explore the peculiarities and affected factors of empathic deficits of the patients with schizophrenia.Methods We assessed multiple dimensions of empathy in 208 schizophrenic patients and 213 healthy controls with a self-rating instrument,the interpersonal reactivity index-C（IRI-C）.All the patients were rated on Eysenck personaliy questionnaire（EPQ）,The self-esteem scale（SES）,general self-efficacy scale（GSES）,simplified coping style questionnaire（SCSQ）,social support rating scale（SSRS）,Toronto alexithymia scale（TAS-20）and the positive and negative symptom scale（PANSS）.Results Compared with healthy controls,schizophrenic patients showed significantly lower total scores,and subscores in perspective taking,fantasy and empathic concern of IRI-C（P0.01）.The neuroticism（r=-0.22）and psychoticism scores（r=-0.18）of EPQ,the factor III scores（r=-0.30）of TAS,the positive coping style scores（r=0.21）of SCSQ,the subjective supporting scores（r=0.16）of SSRS and the scores（r=0.21）of GSES had correlations with the total scores of IRI-C（P 0.05）.The regression analyss with the total scores of IRI-C as dependent variable showed that the positive coping style subscore of SCSQ,The neuroticism and psychoticism subscores of EPQ,and the factor III subscore of TAS had come into the regression model,and the standard coefficients were 0.28、0.30、-0.18、-0.18 respectively.Conclusions Schizophrenic patients had a extensive impairment of empathic abilities,which was affected by the personality and coping styles.

关 键 词：共情 影响因素 精神分裂症 

分 类 号：R749.3[医药卫生—神经病学与精神病学]