眼挫伤实验模型及其影响因素评估  

Evaluation of blunt ocular trauma models and the influence factors

作　　者：丁慰祖[1] 姚慧萍[1] 刘嫣[1] 卞国伟[2] 叶芳[1] 

机构地区：[1]江苏大学附属上海第八人民医院眼科,上海200235 [2]江苏大学附属上海第八人民医院病理科,上海200235

出　　处：《眼外伤职业眼病杂志》2010年第6期401-404,共4页Journal of Injuries and Occupational Diseases of the Eye with Ophthalmic Surgeries

摘　　要：目的探讨眼挫伤动物模型的实用性。方法分别用铜球自由落体、高压水柱或气柱致伤兔眼,观察91只兔眼致伤情况及病理改变。结果只要达到一定致伤强度,不同性状致伤物均可使兔眼产生类似损伤,其致伤程度主要与致伤物质量(m)、致伤时即时速度(Vt)以及致伤物和眼球接触面积有关。致伤物质量越大、致伤时即时速度越快、接触面积越小,则致伤程度越严重,且易向眼后段延伸。在几种实验条件下,固态致伤物致伤以自由落体致伤方式较好,其所涉变量少,可控范围大,重复性好,易于操作和定量计算。在一定范围内液态或气态致伤物对眼前段影响大,而固态致伤物则对眼后段影响更明显。结论对眼后段致伤情况评估以自由落体模型为优,对眼前段致伤观察则可选择液态或气态致伤物。Objective To evaluate the usefulness of research models of blunt ocular trauma.Methods 91 healthy New Zealand rabbits were used in the experiment.The rabbits＇ eyes were damaged by free-fall coper balls,high-pressure water jet or high-pressure gas column repectively. The condition of the injury and the pathological changes ere observed.Results All means led similar injuries to the rabbits＇ eyes independent of their different characters.The badness of injury was related to vulnerant mass（m）,immediate speed（Vt） and contact area between the vulnerant and eyball.Greater mass,higher immediate speed and smaller contact area led to more severe injyry,and were prone to affect the posterior segment,In several experiment conditions,solid object free-fall damage was better than other two approaches.It had less variables,more control range,excellent repeatability,easy to be controlled and calculated Besides,in certain ranges,gas or liquid mainly destroyed the anterior segment,but the solid object destroyed the posterior segment more remarkably.Conclusions The free-fall method is superior in evaluating the trauma of the posterior segment,while gas or liquid could be chosen to observe the trauma of the anterior segment.

关 键 词：眼挫伤 组织病理学 自由落体 高压水柱 高压气柱 

分 类 号：R779.12[医药卫生—眼科] R-33[医药卫生—临床医学]