具有违法行为的精神疾病患者的相关特征分析  

Analysis on the correlative characteristics of mental disorder patients with illegal behaviors

作　　者：陈斌[1] 王红星[1,2] 巩凤芹[1] 甄文凤[1] 黄朝阳[2] 韩春玉[2] 石川[3] 蔡焯基[1] 

机构地区：[1]首都医科大学附属北京安定医院临床三科,北京100088 [2]首都医科大学宣武医院神经内科 [3]北京大学第六医院临床心理科

出　　处：《山西医科大学学报》2010年第6期524-527,共4页Journal of Shanxi Medical University

基　　金：北京市科技计划项目(Z09050600630903);北京市卫生系统高层次卫生技术人才培养计划(2009-3-53);北京市科技新星计划(2006A35)

摘　　要：目的分析具有违法行为的精神疾病患者的相关特征。方法应用自制相关量表收集300例具有违法行为的精神疾病患者的人口学资料、精神疾病状况、违法情况、司法鉴定资料等进行综合分析。结果①人口学特征方面:男女比例为5.1∶1,违法时的平均年龄(36.47±11.66)岁,单身者200例(66.7%),初中及以下学历208例(69.3%);职业方面:无业124例(41.3%)、农民115例(38.3%)。②发病诱因方面:130例(43.3%)精神疾病患者本次实施违法行为时存在诱因,其中,应激因素104例(80.0%)。③诊断及鉴定结果依次为:精神分裂症135例(45.0%),精神发育迟滞39例(13.0%),人格障碍20例(6.7%),酒精所致精神障碍19例(6.3%),癫痫性精神障碍16例(5.4%);鉴定结论中无责任能力者127例(42.3%),部分责任能力者105例(35.0%),完全责任能力者68例(22.7%)。④违法行为的出现频率依次是:行凶殴打他人致伤82例(27.3%),杀人44例(14.7%),扰乱公共秩序42例(14.0%),盗窃34例(11.3%)。其中,44例精神疾病患者杀认识人的比例(包括父母亲、爱人、子女、邻居、朋友以及熟人)高于陌生人的比例(86.4%vs13.6%),其中应用刀制工具致人死亡者最多为61.4%。该人群既往发生过违法行为的患者为23.3%。⑤导致违法行为的直接原因有妄想101例(33.7%),幻觉15例(5.0%),生活应激事件36例(12.0%),现实动机100例(33.3%)。结论男性、青壮年、单身、文化程度低、无业、低收入、社会地位低、既往发生过违法行为的精神疾病患者是发生违法行为的重要特征,有助于早期判断和预测精神疾病患者发生潜在的违法行为。Objective To analyze the correlative characteristics of mental disorder patients with illegal behaviors. Methods The data of demography,psychosis information,illegal state and judicial appraisal were collected and analyzed from 300 mental disorder patients with illegal behaviors using the self-made scales. Results ①The ratio of male/female in mental disorder patients with illegal behaviors was 5.1：1,the average age of them was（36.47±11.66）years,the single accounted for 66.7%,the ratio of patients with junior secondary and low education was 69.3%,and the ratios of unemployment and peasant were 41.3% and 38.3%,respectively.②Of mental disorder patients with illegal behaviors in this offensive behavior,43.3% had predisposing factors,of which,80.0% was stress factor.③The patients with schizophrenia accounted for 45.0%,followed by mental retardation（13.0%）,personality disorders（6.7%）,alcohol-related neuropsychiatric disorders（6.3%）,and epilepsy-related neuropsychiatric disorders（5.4%）.The ratios of no criminal responsibility,partial criminal responsibility,and full criminal responsibility by judicial appraisal were 42.3% ,35.0% and 22.7% ,respectively.④The frequency of illegal behavior respectively was 27.3% for doing assailant,14.7% for homicide behaviors,14.0% for disturbing public order,11.3% for stealing.The ratio of killing the acquaintances in 44 mental disorder patients committed homicide was 86.4%,and higher than that killing strangers 13.6%.The ratio of using knife to kill other people in 44 mental disorder patients committed homicide reached a maximum of 61.4%.Of 300 patients,23.3% committed illegal behaviors in the past.⑤The direct causes of leading to illegal behaviors were delusion（33.7%）,hallucination（5.0%）,life stress events（12.0%）,and reality motivation （33.3%）. Conclusion Male,manhood,single,lower education,unemployment,lower income,lower social status and previous illegal behaviors are the important characteristics in mental disorder patients with illeg

关 键 词：违法行为 精神疾病 特征 

分 类 号：R749[医药卫生—神经病学与精神病学]