水中离子对超声降解2种有机磷农药的影响机理  

Effect mechanism of ions on sonolytic degradation of two organophosphorus pesticide

作　　者：姚娟娟[1] 高乃云[1] 王成金[1] 

机构地区：[1]同济大学污染控制与资源化国家重点实验室,上海200092

出　　处：《重庆大学学报（自然科学版）》2010年第6期13-19,共7页Journal of Chongqing University

基　　金：国家科技重大专项资助项目(2008ZX07421-002;2008ZX07421-004);'十一五'国家科技支撑计划资助项目(2006BAJ08B06);国家高技术研究发展计划(863计划)资助项目(2008AA06A412)

摘　　要：考察了水中离子对超声降解2种有机磷农药(乐果、对硫磷)的影响。在试验研究的条件范围内,超声降解对硫磷以及乐果均符合拟一级动力学模型。随着离子强度的增大,对硫磷以及乐果的降解速率先增大后减小。当离子强度为0.01 mol时,对硫磷和乐果的降解速率分别提高了7.2%和18.6%,离子强度对超声降解乐果的影响比对硫磷显著。Fe2+、Mn2+在0.1 mmol水平即对2种有机磷农药的降解均产生促进作用,且Fe2+的催化效果更加明显。Fe2+、Mn2+的促进作用随2种离子浓度的增大呈现出先增大后减小的趋势。CO-3,HCO-3以及Cl-在1 mmol水平即对超声降解两种有机磷农药具有抑制作用,且抑制作用的强弱表现为:CO-3>HCO-3>Cl-。0.1 mmol Br-对超声降解2种有机磷农药均存在促进作用,且随Br-浓度的增大而增强。The effect of ions on sonolytic degradation of two typical organophosphorus pesticides （parathion and dimethoale） is investigated. In experimental condition ranges, both the parathion and dimethoate degradation conform to pseudo first-order kinetic niodel. With the increasing of ionic strength, the degradation rate of parathion and dimethoate increases at first then decreases. When the ionic strength is 0.01 tool, the degradation rate of parathion and dimethoate increase by 7.2% and 18.6% respectively. The effect of ionic strength on dimethoate degradation is more significant compared to parathion. The reducible cations Fe2 and Mn2 at level of 0.1 mM have an obvious catalytic effect on both parathion and dimethoatedegradation, and the catalytic effect of Fe2- is Mn2- increases firstly but then decreases with Cl at the level of 0.01M exhibit inhibitory effect on both parathion and dimethoate degradation, and their inhibition degrees follow the order of CO2-〉HCO3^-〉 Cl- . But only lmM of Br has an obvious catalytic effect both on parathion and dimethoate degradation, and the effect increases with the increasingBr level.

关 键 词：对硫磷 乐果 超声降解 离子 

分 类 号：X131[环境科学与工程—环境科学]