国人成人鼻泪管的解剖学测量  

The applied anatomy and measure of nasolacrimal duct

作　　者：倪长宝[1] 李惠民[1] 李崇谦[2] 吕梦详 

机构地区：[1]天津医科大学总医院耳鼻咽喉科,天津300052 [2]天津医科大学解剖教研室

出　　处：《临床耳鼻咽喉科杂志》1999年第2期62-63,共2页Journal of Clinical Otorhinolaryngology

摘　　要：：对成人鼻泪管局部解剖有进一步认识。方法：对国人成人４０具（８０侧）尸头鼻腔进行解剖学测量。结果：发现鼻泪管在下鼻道的开口有５种类型，其中以裂隙型多见；有７侧存在２个开口。７３侧鼻泪管及开口位置进行解剖学测量，鼻泪管平均长度１４．１４ｍｍ；前鼻孔内下缘交点至同侧鼻泪管开口前缘平均距离为２９．００ｍｍ（简称孔口距）；下鼻甲附着缘前端至鼻泪管开口前缘平均距离为１１．０７ｍｍ；前鼻孔内下级交点至同侧下鼻甲附着缘前端平均距离１８．３０ｍｍ（孔甲距）。经过计算发现“孔甲距”与鼻泪管长度，“孔甲距”与“孔口距”存在直线相关关系。结论：在临床工作中直接测量“孔甲距”，可估计出鼻泪管长度及其开口的位置，对实际工作具有指导意义。Objective: To know the anatomy of nasolacrimal duct. Method: 80 half-skulls of chinese adultwere used to observe shapes of the orifice. Result:Five shapes of the orifice were found. Slit--shape was the mostin all shapes. 73 nasolacrimal ducts and situation of orifices have been measured with results as follows: (1) Thenasolacrimal duct length is 14. 14 mm (mean value) ; (2) The distance from the inferior margin of the anteriornostril to the anterior margin of the orifice (D. N. O. ) is 29. 00 mm (mean value) ; (3)The distance from the anterior attachment of the inferior turbinate to the anterior margin of the orifice is 11. 70 mm (mean value) ; (4)Thedistance from the inferior margin of the anterior nostril to the anterior attachment of the inferior turbinate (D. N.T) is 18. 30 mm (mean value). With analysis of linear regression,the relationship between the 'D. N. T. H and thenasolacrimal duct length, the 'D. N. T' and the 'D. N. O. 'is positive linear correlation respectively, 'D. N. T.'has been able to be measured easily,so the nasolacrimal duct length and the situation of the orifice have been recognized. Conclusion: D. N. T. may be used in clinical teaching and researching work.

关 键 词：下鼻道 鼻泪管 成人 解剖学 测量 

分 类 号：R322.31[医药卫生—人体解剖和组织胚胎学] R322.91[医药卫生—基础医学]