态度韵律的整体性研究  

A Study of Attitudinal Prosody:A Holistic Approach

作　　者：程微[1] 

机构地区：[1]上海交通大学,上海200240

出　　处：《外语学刊》2010年第3期68-73,共6页Foreign Language Research

基　　金：国家社科基金项目"语篇语义研究的理论体系建构与实践"(08BYY073)的阶段性成果

摘　　要：随着评价理论的日渐成熟,态度韵律的研究受到了国内外系统功能语言学者的重视。J.R.Martin指出,态度韵律是人际意义体现在语类层面的结构,在小句层面以渗透型(saturation)、加强型(intensification)和主导型(domina-tion)三种方式展开,但他对语类层面态度韵律的特征并未详述。鉴于此,本文试图探讨语类层面态度韵律的结构及特征。通过分析,本文认为态度韵律具有整体性特征。首先,作为一个整体系统,态度韵律分为目标、模式和结构三个层次。其次,目标根据不同语类各异,模式具体分为发散型(dispersion)、波浪型(wave)和梯度型(scalar),而结构层级化为态度阶段、态度相和态度单位。最后,系统内部的上向因果力和下向因果力共同作用,构成动态平衡的态度韵律。本文利用整体论思想及相关概念剖析态度韵律的结构与特征,但由于篇幅和时间所限,本文对于态度单位的分析未涉及语音层,但笔者认为音位层面的态度资源不可忽视,期望在后续研究中进一步探讨。The study of the attitudinal prosody attracts more and more concerns of systemic functional linguists internationally along with the development of Appraisal Theory. J. R. Martin,the founder of Appraisal Theory,proposes that attitudinal prosody is the structure of the interpersonal meaning represented at the level of genre,which can be classified into three modes at the level of clause,viz. saturation,intensification and domination. However,He didn’t give sufficient explanation of the characteristics of attitudinal prosody at the level of genre. In this paper,we intend to make up this gap. Based on the data analysis,we posit that attitudinal prosody is holistic,which can be further illustrated in the following aspects： i） as an holistic system,attitudinal prosody can be categorized into three levels： aim,mode and structure; ii） aims vary in various genre; modes can be classified into the type of dispersion,wave and scalar; meanwhile structures may be stratified into attitudinal stage,attitudinal phase and attitudinal unit; iii） the upper and lower resultant force in the attitudinal system constitute the attitudinal prosody of dynamic balance. The holistic theory is applied in this paper to analyze the structure and characteristics of attitudinal prosody. The attitudinal resource at the phonological level is also an important aspect in the study of attitudinal prosody which is excluded in this paper due to the limitation of space and energy.

关 键 词：评价理论 态度韵律 整体性 

分 类 号：H0-06[语言文字—语言学]