超声波对煤泥浮选的影响  

Effect of ultrasonic treatment on slime flotation

作　　者：康文泽[1] 丁淑芳[1] 胡军[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]黑龙江科技学院资源与环境工程学院,哈尔滨150027 [2]首钢总公司山西项目筹备组,北京100041

出　　处：《黑龙江科技学院学报》2010年第3期183-188,共6页Journal of Heilongjiang Institute of Science and Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(50274036);黑龙江省普通高等学校青年学术骨干支持计划项目(1055G039);黑龙江省教育厅科学技术研究重点项目(11531Z02);哈尔滨市科技创新人才研究专项资金项目(2009RFXXG030)

摘　　要：为了更好地提高超声波强化煤泥浮选脱硫降灰的效果,回顾了近几年有关超声波强化煤泥浮选的研究工作。利用Setaram微量热仪、DCAT21测定仪、X射线衍射仪、扫描电镜、荧光光谱分析仪等设备系统地研究了超声波对煤泥粒度、表面性质以及矿浆性质的影响。研究结果显示,超声波对煤泥颗粒具有破碎、解离和清洗作用;超声处理使煤泥表面的疏水性增强,可浮性提高;超声处理改变了矿浆的氧含量、pH值、气液表面张力等性质。煤泥浮选试验表明,超声处理可以大幅提高浮选完善度和脱硫完善度,超声波改变矿物表面的性质是浮选完善度提高的关键,矿浆性质的改变对脱硫完善度的提高影响较大。研究证明,超声波预处理是提高煤泥浮选效果的一个有效途径。In order to increase the effects of desulphurization and de-ashing of slime flotation,this paper gives review of the research into ultrasound-enhanced coal flotation in recent years.The paper introduces the use of Setaram calorimeter,gauge DCAT21,X-ray diffraction,scanning electron microscory and X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy to investigate the effects of ultrasonic treatment on slime size,surface nature and pulp nature.The results show that ultrasound performs the function of crushing,dissociating and cleansing the slime particles.Ultrasonic conditioning enhances the hydrophobicity of the slime surface and increases the floatability of slime.Ultrasonic conditioning changes the pulp nature such as the oxygen content,the pH value and the interfacial tension.The coal flotation test shows that ultrasonic conditioning results in substantial increase in the perfect index of flotation and the perfect index of desulphurization of fine coal.Changes due to ultrasonic conditioning in the mineral surface nature hold the key to improving the perfect index of flotation.Changes of the pulp nature have a greater impact on the perfect index of desulphurization increase.These studies show that pre-ultrasonic treatment is an effective method of desulphurization and de-ash of slime flotation.

关 键 词：超声波 浮选 煤泥 表面性质 

分 类 号：TD943.7[矿业工程—选矿]