杂交粳稻三系亲本主要性状的配合力分析  

Analysis on combining ability of some characters between Japonica CMS lines and restorer lines

作　　者：张宏根[1] 孔宪旺[1] 朱正斌[1] 裔传灯[1] 汤述翥[1] 顾铭洪[1] 

机构地区：[1]扬州大学教育部植物功能基因组学重点实验室,江苏扬州225009

出　　处：《扬州大学学报（农业与生命科学版）》2010年第1期42-48,共7页Journal of Yangzhou University：Agricultural and Life Science Edition

基　　金："十一五"国家科技支撑计划项目(2006BAD01A01-7);江苏省高技术研究计划招标项目(BG2004302)

摘　　要：收集具有代表性的BT型粳稻不育系及恢复系各11个,共配制121个杂交粳稻组合,就三系亲本主要性状的配合力进行分析。结果表明:①杂交粳稻的多数性状是受亲本一般配合力(GCA)和组合特殊配合力(SCA)共同决定的。其中抽穗期、每穗总粒数受不育系GCA的作用较大,株高、千粒重受恢复系GCA的作用较大,单株穗数、结实率、每穗实粒数、单株产量、单株颖花量、潜在库容受组合SCA的作用较大。就外观品质而言,GCA较SCA重要,且不育系GCA的作用相对较大;就蒸煮食用品质而言,主要由恢复系GCA和组合SCA决定。②不育系中,农垦57A、陵风A和六千辛A单株产量的GCA较好,圣稻301A、武运粳7号A、863 A和泗稻9618A外观品质的GCA较好,泗稻9618A、爱知香A和圣稻301A配制的组合具有早熟的特点。③恢复系中,CR134单株产量、每穗总粒数、每穗实粒数、千粒重、结实率和外观品质的GCA均好,且这些性状的SCA方差不显著,表明利用该恢复系较易选配出优质高产组合,具有较好的利用价值。In order to understand the combining ability of three-line parents in japonica hybrid rice, 11 representative varieties each for BT-type Cytoplasmic-nucleic male sterility （CMS） lines and restorers were collected and 121 cross combinations were made. Combining ability variance analysis indicated that most eharaeters of the hybrids were eodetermined by GCA of both parents and SCA of F1 combinations. The GCA of CMS lines was more important for heading date, thickness of base culm, curvature of panicle neck, grain density, spikelets per panicle, while the GCA of restorers was more important for plant height and 1000-grain weight, and SCA of F1 eombinations was more important for seed setting rate, filled grains per panicle, grain yield per plant, spikelets per plant and potential storage. With sregards to the appearance quality, GCA was more important than SCA, and the GCA of CMS lines was bigger than that of restorers, suggesting that good rice quality parents are extremely important to breed good quality japonica rice hybrid. Also, cooking and edible quality were mostly determined by GCA of restorers and SCA of Flcombinations. Among CMS lines, Nongken 57A, Lingfeng A and Liuqianxin A shown good GCA effect on yield per plant, Shengdao301A, Lingfeng A, Sidao9618 A showed good GCA effect on appearance quality. The hybrids of Sidao9618 A, Aizhixiang A and Shengdao301A had merit of earlier maturity. The restorer line CR134 showed good GCA effect on yield per plant, total grains per panicle, filled grains per panicle, 1 000-grain weight, seed setting rate and appearance quality. And the SCA variations of these traits were not significant, suggesting that the restorer had good value in breeding and the combinations with good rice quality and high yield would be easily selected by using the restorer.

关 键 词：粳稻 质核互作雄性不育系 恢复系 一般配合力 特殊配合力 

分 类 号：S511.032[农业科学—作物学]