支气管哮喘患者的医学教育效果评价  

EVALUATION OF THE EFFECTS OF SYSTEMATIC MEDICAL EDUCATION ON BRONCHIAL ASTHMATIC PATIENTS

作　　者：沈四新[1] 江晓肖[1] 陈达伟[1] 方鹏[1] 陈少明[1] 方蕾[1] 钱亚萍[1] 

机构地区：[1]空军杭州航空医学鉴定训练中心干部疗养科,杭州310007

出　　处：《现代预防医学》2010年第13期2492-2493,2495,共3页Modern Preventive Medicine

摘　　要：[目的]评价医学教育对哮喘患者的知识、自我管理及治疗的影响。[方法]选取2005年3月～2008年10月解放军117医院174例哮喘患者随机分为教育组和对照组,教育组87例,给予关于哮喘发病机制、治疗、诱发因素、自我管理计划等内容的医学教育;对照组87例,给予常规的治疗与护理,不进行专门的哮喘教育。[结果]在接受哮喘教育之前,绝大多数患者对哮喘症状都有一定认识,但有关哮喘发病机制及治疗知识了解较少,大多数患者认为β2受体激动剂是最主要的治疗药物,将激素作为缓解症状用药,且多为不规则用药,吸入激素技术错误较多。1年后重新调查,教育组患者哮喘相关知识的掌握程度和治疗依从性明显好于对照组(P﹤0.01)。[结论]医学教育能降低哮喘患者急性发作次数,年平均住院和病休天数,降低年医疗费用,改善患者生活质量。[Objective] To evaluate the impact of medical education about disease knowledge,self-management and treatment on bronchial asthmatic patients.[Methods] 174 asthmatic patients in the 117th Hospital of PLA from March 2005 to October 2008 were randomly divided into control group（87 cases） and education group（87 cases）.The education group was educated about basic mechanism of asthma,cause and trigger,medications,self-management plan and so on,while the control group received routine treatment without specific education program.[Results] Our data revealed that before asthma education most of the patients knew little about asthma mechanisms and medications although they were able to recognize asthma symptoms.Misunderstanding of β2 agonist and inhaled steroid was rather common.Otherwise fewer patients could use MDI correctly.After 1 year,those patients in education group had a better knowledge of asthma and compliance to ICSs compared with the control group（P﹤0.01）.[Conclusion] Medical education can decrease the frequency of acute attacks,reduce the days of annual hospitalization and resting time,spare the medical expenditure and improve quality of life of asthmatic patients.

关 键 词：哮喘 医学教育 生活质量 

分 类 号：R562.25[医药卫生—呼吸系统]