酸雨与镧对大豆幼苗生长的复合伤害效应研究  

Combined Injured Effects of Acid Rain and Lanthanum on Growth of Soybean Seedling

作　　者：梁婵娟[1,2] 潘丹云[2] 徐秋荣[2] 周青[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]江南大学工业生物技术教育部重点实验室,无锡214122 [2]江南大学环境与土木工程学院,无锡214122

出　　处：《环境科学》2010年第7期1652-1656,共5页Environmental Science

基　　金：江苏省教育厅高等学校教学改革项目(3-26-77);江南大学青年基金项目(2008LQN005);江南大学院长基金项目(HT2008-6-1)

摘　　要：为探索酸雨与稀土镧对大豆幼苗生长的复合影响及其内在机制,以重要油粮作物大豆(Glycine max)为材料,研究在模拟酸雨pH分别为3.0、3.5、4.5与稀土镧La(Ⅲ)浓度分别为60、100和300mg·L-1处理下大豆幼苗生长及光合作用的变化.结果表明,相对单一酸雨与镧处理,酸雨与La(Ⅲ)复合处理组中大豆幼苗的生长受抑制程度增大,两者呈协同效应,且pH越低,La(Ⅲ)浓度越高,抑制效应越明显.光合参数的变化规律与生长指标近同,相同处理组各光合参数的降幅不一致,其中最大荧光(Fv/Fm)和叶绿素含量(Chl)的降幅范围分别为9.53%～22.75%和9.14%～24.53%,较净光合速率Pn(22.78%～84.7%)、希尔(Hill)反应速率(15.52%～73.38%)和Mg2+-ATPase活性(14.51%～71.54%)小,表明各光合参数对2个胁迫因子的敏感程度存在差异.进一步相关性分析发现,Pn变化主要受Hill反应速率与Mg2+-ATPase活性的影响,而Chl、Fv/Fm次之.表明酸雨与La(Ⅲ)对植物光合过程各环节的作用机制不同,光合作用受阻是影响植物生长的重要因素之一.Combined effects of acid rain and lanthanum on growth of soybean seedling（Glycine max） and its inherent mechanism were studied in this paper.Compared with treatments by simulated acid rain（pH 3.0,3.5,4.5） or rare earth La（Ⅲ） （60,100 and 300 mg·L-1）,the decrease degree of growth parameters in combined treatments was higher,indicating that there were a synergistic effects between acid rain and La.Moreover,the inhibition effects of acid rain and La（Ⅲ） were more obvious when pH value of acid rain was lower or the concentration of La（Ⅲ） was higher.The changes of photosynthetic parameters were similar to those of growth,but the decrease degree of each parameter was not same in the same treatment group.The decrease degree of optimal PSII photochemical efficiency （Fv /Fm） and chlorophyll content （Chl） were 9.35%-22.75% and 9.14%-24.53%,respectively,lower than that of photosynthetic rate Pn （22.78%-84.7%）,Hill reaction rate （15.52%-73.38%） and Mg2＋-ATPase activity （14.51%-71.54%）,showing that the sensitivity of photosynthetic parameters to the combined factors was different.Furthermore,relative analysis showed that the change of Pn were mainly affected by Hill reaction rate and Mg2＋-ATPase activity,and was less influenced by Chl and Fv /Fm.It indicates that the effect of acid rain and La on each reaction in photosynthesis was different,and the inhibition of combined treatments on photosynthesis in plants was one of the main factors affecting growth of plant.

关 键 词：镧 酸雨 复合伤害 大豆幼苗 生长指标 光合指标 

分 类 号：X171[环境科学与工程—环境科学] X517