三维纯方位目标跟踪的可观测性需求分析  

Analysis of the Observability Requirement of Three-Dimensional Bearings-Only Target Tracking

作　　者：孙亮[1,2] 徐安 曲大鹏 张涛 杨洋 

机构地区：[1]空军第二飞行学院,陕西户县710306 [2]空军工程大学工程学院,陕西西安710038 [3]西安陆军学院,陕西西安710108

出　　处：《空军工程大学学报（自然科学版）》2010年第3期35-39,共5页Journal of Air Force Engineering University(Natural Science Edition)

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(60674031)

摘　　要：在三维环境下,分别研究了匀速直线运动目标、匀加速运动目标及一阶延迟目标加速模型的可观测需求。构造了伪测量方程,应用线性系统理论可观测的Grammian判据,避免了复杂的非线性微分方程求解,并且可以处理更为一般的目标机动情况,而不局限于N阶目标动态模型。通过可观测充分必要条件的分析表明,一些类型的观测器机动不满足可观测条件;对于一阶延迟目标加速模型,观测器加速度阶次不必高于目标加速度阶次,这与以前的研究结论是不同的,文中所采用的方法对一般的纯方位测量问题也是有效的。The problem of observability for bearings-only target tracking is discussed in this paper based on the target traveling in the three-dimensional space at a uniform velocity,constant acceleration and first-order lag acceleration.Pseudo measurement equations are constructed,Grammian criterion of linear system theory is used,and the problem of solving complex nonlinear differential equations is avoided,the method can be used to deal with the general situation,and is not restricted to Nth order target dynamics.The analysis of the necessary and sufficient conditions shows that some types of observer maneuver do not satisfy the condition,the maneuver order of observer is not necessarily higher than that of the target,this conclusion is different from the previous ones.The method adopted in the paper is also effective to the general bearings-only measuring problem.

关 键 词：可观测 纯方位跟踪 伪测量 

分 类 号：TN953[电子电信—信号与信息处理]